The development of wastewater treatment agents with high treatment capacity and efficient separation is crucial for the remediation of heavy metal ions and organic dye wastewater. In this study, a polyrhodanine functional magnetic-activated carbon composite (PR-mAC) was synthesized via a one-step co-precipitation method combined with chemical oxidation polymerization. As an innovative water treatment agent, PR-mAC possesses not only environmentally friendly and easily obtainable raw materials but also magnetic properties that facilitate its reusability. Notably, PR-mAC exhibited remarkable removal efficiency towards lead ion (Pb(II)) and malachite green (MG). Experimental results demonstrated that the adsorption of Pb(II) and MG followed quasi-second-order kinetic model, while the Hill isothermal adsorption model and Redlich–Peterson isothermal adsorption model were suitable for Pb(II) and MG removal, respectively. All adsorption processes were spontaneous endothermic reactions. The maximum adsorption capacities reached 223.71$$mg/g and 315.46$$mg/g, respectively. Even after undergoing 5 cycles, the material maintained satisfactory removal performance for Pb(II) and MG pollutants. Therefore, the prepared PR-mAC represents an optimal agent for wastewater treatment due to its effective capability in removing both metal ions and dyes.

开发具有高处理能力、高效分离的废水处理剂对于重金属离子和有机染料废水的修复至关重要。本研究通过一步共沉淀法结合化学氧化聚合合成了一种多罗丹宁功能磁活性炭复合材料（PR-mAC）。作为一种创新的水处理剂，PR-mAC不仅具有环保且易得的原材料，而且还具有磁性，有利于其重复使用。值得注意的是，PR-mAC 对铅离子 (Pb(II)) 和孔雀石绿 (MG) 表现出显着的去除效率。实验结果表明，Pb(II)和MG的吸附遵循准二级动力学模型，而Hill等温吸附模型和Redlich-Peterson等温吸附模型分别适用于Pb(II)和MG的去除。所有吸附过程均为自发吸热反应。最大吸附容量达到223.71$$毫克/克和315.46$$分别为毫克/克。即使经过5个循环后，该材料对Pb(II)和MG污染物仍保持令人满意的去除性能。因此，所制备的 PR-mAC 由于其有效去除金属离子和染料的能力而成为废水处理的最佳药剂。