In this study, we analyze binary and ternary bulk heterojunction organic solar cells utilizing P3HT:ICBA and P3HT:ICBA:DIBSq blends. We investigate optical and electrical properties for different 2,4-bis[4-(N,N-diisobutylamino)-2,6-dihydroxyphenyl] squaraine (DIBSq) ratios, along with introducing a 140 °C annealing protocol. A comprehensive comparison of optical, electrical, and morphological aspects is conducted between annealed and non-annealed devices. UV-vis measurements unveil expanded near-infrared absorption due to DIBSq. Current–voltage characteristics and external quantum efficiency measurements reveal enhanced performance with increasing DIBSq ratios. Ternary devices achieve 3.96% efficiency with 10.079 mA cm² J_SC, 0.83 V V_OC, and 0.469 fill factor, compared to binary devices with 2.89% power conversion efficiency, 7.458 mA cm² J_SC, 0.795 V V_OC, and 0.488 fill factor. Efficiency diminishes beyond a specific DIBSq content. Atomic force microscopy explores morphological properties, showing slight root-mean-square roughness increase and small feature emergence with higher DIBSq concentrations, resulting in suboptimal 5% DIBSq device performance.

在本研究中，我们利用 P3HT:ICBA 和 P3HT:ICBA:DIBSq 混合物分析二元和三元本体异质结有机太阳能电池。我们研究了不同 2,4-双[4-( N , N -二异丁基氨基)-2,6-二羟基苯基]方酸菁 (DIBSq) 比例的光学和电学性质，并引入了 140 °C 退火方案。对退火和非退火器件进行光学、电学和形态方面的全面比较。紫外-可见光测量揭示了 DIBSq 导致近红外吸收的扩大。电流-电压特性和外部量子效率测量揭示了随着 DIBSq 比率的增加而增强的性能。三元器件的效率为 3.96%，具有 10.079 mA cm ² J _SC、0.83 V VOC和 0.469 填充因子，而二元器件的功率转换效率为 2.89%、7.458 mA cm ₂ ^J SC _、 0.795 V VOC_和0.488 填充因子因素。当超过特定的 DIBSq 含量时，效率会降低。原子力显微镜探索形态特性，显示随着 DIBSq 浓度的升高，均方根粗糙度略有增加，并且出现了小特征，导致 5% DIBSq 器件性能不理想。