As digitalization is permeating all sectors of society toward the concept of “smart everything,” and virtual technologies and data are gaining a dominant place in the engineering and control of intelligent systems, the Digital Twin (DT) concept has surfaced as one of the top technologies to adopt. This paper discusses the DT concept from the viewpoint of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) experts. It both provides literature review elements and adopts a commentary-driven approach. We first examine the DT from a historical perspective, tracing the historical development of M&S from its roots in computational experiments to its applications in various fields and the birth of DT-related and allied concepts. We then approach DTs as an evolution of M&S, acknowledging the overlap in these different concepts. We also look at the M&S workflow and its evolution toward a DT workflow from a software engineering perspective, highlighting significant changes. Finally, we look at new challenges and requirements DTs entail, potentially leading to a revolutionary shift in M&S practices. In this way, we hope to foster the discussion on DTs and provide the M&S expert with innovative perspectives.

中文翻译：

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从建模和仿真到数字孪生：进化还是革命？

随着数字化向“万物智能”的理念渗透到社会各行各业，虚拟技术和数据在智能系统的工程和控制中占据主导地位，数字孪生（DT）概念已成为最热门的概念之一。采用的技术。本文从建模与仿真（M&S）专家的角度讨论了DT概念。它既提供文献综述元素，又采用评论驱动的方法。我们首先从历史的角度审视DT，追溯M&S的历史发展，从其计算实验的根源到其在各个领域的应用以及DT相关概念和相关概念的诞生。然后，我们将 DT 作为 M&S 的演变，承认这些不同概念的重叠。我们还从软件工程的角度审视了 M&S 工作流程及其向 DT 工作流程的演变，强调了重大变化。最后，我们着眼于 DT 带来的新挑战和要求，它们可能会导致 M&S 实践发生革命性转变。通过这种方式，我们希望促进关于DT的讨论，并为M&S专家提供创新的视角。