The aim of this study was to evaluate the tensile performance of additively manufactured polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) geogrids, printed three-dimensionally using the material extrusion technique. The Creality Ender-3 V2 printer was employed for this purpose. The printed specimens were subjected to loading at a rate of 1 mm/min until failure occurred. The geometrical parameters investigated were the shape of the aperture (square, triangular and hexagonal), the aperture size, the rib thickness and the type of junction. The results revealed that the failure of specimens was primarily brittle and independent of any specific geometrical configuration or modifications. The initiation of failure consistently originated from the junctions. Among the specimens with typical junctions, the triaxial geogrids exhibited the highest tensile capacity; among geogrids with modified junctions, the square geogrids performed the best. The load capacity of the geogrids was found to be primarily governed by linear behaviour in terms of rib width, regardless of the aperture size or shape, whereas a non-linear regression model characterised the load–displacement curves. The results indicate that it is important to account for geometrical non-linearity in specimens with hexagonal apertures.

中文翻译：

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3D 打印土工格栅的拉伸性能：几何配置的影响

本研究的目的是评估使用材料挤出技术进行三维打印的增材制造聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PETG) 土工格栅的拉伸性能。为此，采用了 Creality Ender-3 V2 打印机。打印的样本以 1 毫米/分钟的速率承受载荷，直至发生失效。研究的几何参数是孔径的形状（正方形、三角形和六边形）、孔径尺寸、肋厚度和连接类型。结果表明，样本的失效主要是脆性的，并且与任何特定的几何配置或修改无关。故障的发生始终源自连接处。在具有典型接头的试件中，三轴土工格栅的抗拉能力最高；在具有改进连接处的土工格栅中，方形土工格栅的性能最好。研究发现，无论孔径大小或形状如何，土工格栅的负载能力主要受肋宽度线性行为的影响，而非线性回归模型则描述了负载-位移曲线。结果表明，考虑六边形孔径样本的几何非线性非常重要。