The TRIM family is associated with the membrane, and its involvement in the progression, growth, and development of various cancer types has been researched extensively. However, the role played by the TRIM5 gene within this family has yet to be explored to a great extent in terms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The data of patients relating to mRNA expression and the survival rate of individuals diagnosed with HCC were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. UALCAN was employed to examine the potential link between TRIM5 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. In addition, enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was conducted as a means of deciphering the function and mechanism of TRIM5 in HCC. The data in the TCGA and TIMER2.0 databases was utilized to explore the correlation between TRIM5 and immune infiltration in HCC. WGCNA was performed as a means of assessing TRIM5-related co-expressed genes. The "OncoPredict" R package was also used for investigating the association between TRIM5 and drug sensitivity. Finally, qRT-PCR, Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were employed for exploring the differential expression of TRIM5 and its clinical relevance in HCC. According to the results that were obtained from the vitro experiments, mRNA and protein levels of TRIM5 demonstrated a significant upregulation in HCC tissues. It is notable that TRIM5 expression levels were found to have a strong association with the infiltration of diverse immune cells and displayed a positive correlation with several immune checkpoint inhibitors. The TRIM5 expression also displayed promising clinical prognostic value for HCC patients.

TRIM 家族与膜相关，其与各种癌症类型的进展、生长和发展的关系已被广泛研究。然而，该家族中 TRIM5 基因在肝细胞癌 (HCC) 中所发挥的作用尚未得到很大程度的探索。从癌症基因组图谱 (TCGA) 数据库中提取与 mRNA 表达和诊断为 HCC 的个体存活率相关的患者数据。采用 UALCAN 来检查 TRIM5 表达与临床病理特征之间的潜在联系。此外，还进行了差异表达基因（DEG）的富集分析，作为破译TRIM5在HCC中的功能和机制的手段。利用TCGA和TIMER2.0数据库中的数据探讨TRIM5与HCC免疫浸润之间的相关性。 WGCNA 是评估 TRIM5 相关共表达基因的一种方法。 “OncoPredict”R 软件包还用于研究 TRIM5 与药物敏感性之间的关联。最后，采用qRT-PCR、蛋白质印迹（WB）和免疫组织化学（IHC）来探讨TRIM5在HCC中的差异表达及其临床相关性。根据体外实验的结果，TRIM5的mRNA和蛋白水平在HCC组织中显着上调。值得注意的是，TRIM5 表达水平被发现与多种免疫细胞的浸润有很强的相关性，并与多种免疫检查点抑制剂呈正相关。 TRIM5 表达对 HCC 患者也显示出有希望的临床预后价值。