The article explores the difficult balance of interests in the Italian field of seabed mining. In recent years, the regions, bearers of the local communities' social demands, claimed greater attention to sustainability, while the State almost always privileged productivity. The Constitutional Court always took an attitude of self-restraint, basically adhering to State reasons. Given this starting point, it is not entirely certain that the European Court of Justice's 2022 ruling, which included the environmental interest alongside economic concerns, will bring concrete developments. Indeed, although environmental protection falls under constitutional principles from 2022, there is a complex framework of interests involved in the sector, from which political power suffers above all. Consequently, the reception of social demands makes the effort of only the Court insufficient. The Italian case thus illustrates some of the constraints that can weigh on courts, especially constitutional courts, in their ability to constitute an arena of societal change.

中文翻译：

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法院作为社会变革的舞台？意大利宪法法院面对立法者海底采矿不确定自由裁量权的自我克制：具体反例

本文探讨了意大利海底采矿领域难以平衡的利益。近年来，承载当地社区社会需求的地区声称更加关注可持续性，而国家几乎总是优先考虑生产力。宪法法院始终采取自我克制的态度，基本上坚持国家理由。鉴于这一出发点，欧洲法院 2022 年的裁决（包括环境利益和经济问题）是否会带来具体进展并不完全确定。事实上，尽管从 2022 年起环境保护纳入宪法原则，但该领域涉及复杂的利益框架，政治权力首先受到影响。因此，对于社会诉求的接受，仅靠法院的努力是不够的。因此，意大利的案例说明了法院，特别是宪法法院在构成社会变革舞台的能力方面可能受到的一些限制。