In this work, a novel HKUST-1/CoFeO/g-CN electrode was successfully prepared via the hydrothermal method and the high-temperature calcination method, which can be applied as an electrochemical sensor for the precise detection of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in physiological samples. The novel electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and its electrochemical performance was further evaluated via the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. The results demonstrated that the HKUST-1/CoFeO/g-CN electrode exhibited an optimal linear range of 0.05–180 μmol L for the CIP detection, which demonstrated a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.0026 μmol L and a low limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.0087 μmol L, respectively. Additionally, the novel semiconductor sensors exhibited exceptional selectivity, stability and repeatability in the determination of CIP. The recovery rate of CIP was found to range from 98.00% to 104.00% in serum, with the relative standard deviations (RSD) below 2.62% (n = 5), while the recovery rate of CIP was found to range from 96.00% to 105.00%, with the RSD less than 3.23% (n = 5) in urine. The current study extends to the application of the semiconductor-based electrochemical sensors and offers a new approach for the clinical pharmaceutical analysis to ensure medication safety, which could provide valuable insights into the potential of semiconductor sensors for future clinical applications.

中文翻译：

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新型HKUST-1/CoFe2O4/g-C3N4电极的制备用于电化学检测生理样品中的环丙沙星

本工作通过水热法和高温煅烧法成功制备了新型HKUST-1/CoFeO/g-CN电极，可作为电化学传感器用于生理学中环丙沙星（CIP）的精确检测。样品。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）对新型电极进行了表征，并通过循环伏安法（CV）和微分脉冲伏安法进一步评估了其电化学性能（DPV）技术。结果表明，HKUST-1/CoFeO/g-CN电极在CIP检测中表现出0.05-180 μmol·L-1的最佳线性范围，检测下限（LOD）为0.0026 μmol·L-1，检测下限为定量（LOQ）分别为0.0087 μmol·L。此外，新型半导体传感器在 CIP 测定中表现出卓越的选择性、稳定性和重复性。血清中 CIP 的回收率为 98.00% 至 104.00%，相对标准偏差 (RSD) 低于 2.62% (n = 5)，而 CIP 的回收率为 96.00% 至 105.00 %，尿液中的 RSD 小于 3.23% (n = 5)。目前的研究扩展到基于半导体的电化学传感器的应用，并为临床药物分析提供了一种新方法，以确保用药安全，这可以为半导体传感器在未来临床应用中的潜力提供有价值的见解。