Cement is the primary material used for mitigating expansive soil hazards due to its easy availability and relatively low cost. However, the most commonly used ordinary Portland cement renders the soil strongly alkaline after treatment, and the development of cracks in the soil is not effectively controlled under the influence of wet-dry cycles following cement stabilization. These two drawbacks significantly impact both the ecological environment and the strength of the cement-stabilized expansive soil. This study innovatively proposes an improvement to the method of cement stabilization of expansive soil by incorporating low-alkali ecological cement and industrial sugarcane bagasse (a byproduct of sugar production). After assessing the basic physical properties of the expansive soil, it was improved by mixing with industrial bagasse and low-alkali ecological cement. Through experiments on dry-wet cycles, soil-water characteristic curve tests, direct shear tests, and electron microscopy scans, we explored the enhancement of the expansive soil. Our focus was on the development of cracks, soil moisture migration patterns, changes in shear strength, and microstructural alterations. The following conclusions were drawn from the experiments: i. Compared to the method of ordinary Portland cement stabilization, the pH of expansive soil improved by low-alkali ecological cement combined with industrial sugarcane bagasse is more suitable for plant growth. ii. The unique tubular structure of industrial sugarcane bagasse provides elastic space for soil deformation, inhibiting the development of soil cracks. iii. The water retention capacity of expansive soil significantly increases after improvement with low-alkali ecological cement and industrial sugarcane bagasse. Within the range of matrix suction for plant growth, soil moisture changes more slowly, providing a more stable water supply for plants. iv. The combination of 1.2% industrial sugarcane bagasse and 7% low-alkali ecological cement exhibits the highest shear resistance, maintaining strength exceeding that of untreated expansive soil after five wet-dry cycles. v. SEM analysis confirms the effectiveness of industrial sugarcane bagasse and low-alkali ecological cement in improving expansive soil. This study improved the widely used cement stabilization method for expansive soil in practical engineering applications. Additionally, it introduced an additional utilization pathway for industrial bagasse residue waste. This research provides a new direction and reference for the combination of waste utilization and natural disaster management in the treatment of expansive soil hazards.

中文翻译：

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工业甘蔗渣和低碱生态水泥改良膨胀土

水泥由于其易于获得且成本相对较低，是用于减轻膨胀土壤危害的主要材料。然而，最常用的普通硅酸盐水泥处理后使土壤呈强碱性，在水泥稳定后的干湿循环影响下，土壤裂缝的发展无法得到有效控制。这两个缺点对生态环境和水泥稳定膨胀土的强度影响很大。本研究创新性地提出了一种通过掺入低碱生态水泥和工业甘蔗渣（制糖副产品）对膨胀土水泥稳定方法的改进。在评估膨胀土的基本物理性质后，通过掺入工业甘蔗渣和低碱生态水泥进行改良。通过干湿循环、土水特征曲线试验、直剪试验、电镜扫描等实验，探索膨胀土的增强作用。我们的重点是裂缝的发展、土壤水分迁移模式、剪切强度的变化和微观结构的改变。从实验中得出以下结论： i．与普通硅酸盐水泥稳定化的方法相比，低碱生态水泥结合工业甘蔗渣改善膨胀土的pH值更适合植物生长。二.工业甘蔗渣独特的管状结构为土体变形提供了弹性空间，抑制了土体裂缝的发展。三.低碱生态水泥和工业甘蔗渣改良后膨胀土的保水能力显着提高。在植物生长的基质吸力范围内，土壤湿度变化更缓慢，为植物提供更稳定的水分供应。四. 1.2%工业甘蔗渣和7%低碱生态水泥的组合表现出最高的抗剪强度，在5次干湿循环后仍保持超过未处理的膨胀土的强度。 v. SEM分析证实了工业甘蔗渣和低碱生态水泥改良膨胀土的有效性。该研究改进了实际工程应用中广泛使用的膨胀土水泥稳定方法。此外，它还引入了工业甘蔗渣废物的额外利用途径。该研究为废物利用与自然灾害治理相结合治理膨胀土灾害提供了新的方向和参考。