There is an increasing requirement to manage large amounts of solid industrial waste, such as red mud (RM) and waste glass sludge (WGS), which pose potential environmental hazards to human health. The purpose of this study was to improve the reactivity of the red mud with mechanical activation. The reactivity was measured by the dissolution efficiency of silicon and aluminium in alkaline solution, the strength index, and the strength of the geopolymer. The optimal condition: WGS addition is 30 wt%; grinding time is 20 min; specific surface area reached 24.65 m/g; the compressive strength of the geopolymer came to 15.98 Mpa curing for 28 days. XRD, FTIR and XPS were applied to investigate the structural transformation in the process. The environmental characterisation showed a significant leaching concentration of heavy metal(loid)s such as Cr, Zn, Cu, and Mn, which decreases with longer curing periods. The carbon emission results showed that the precursor exhibited enormous potential in energy conservation and emission reduction. The study results demonstrate that cementitious material from two solid waste materials can substantially lower heavy metal leaching values whilst also providing economic benefits. This synthesis pathway can be attained through recycling the two solid wastes, resulting in geopolymers that exhibit potential for a variety of applications.

中文翻译：

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赤泥和废玻璃污泥机械活化制备环保胶凝材料

人们对管理大量固体工业废物的要求越来越高，例如赤泥（RM）和废玻璃污泥（WGS），它们对人类健康构成潜在的环境危害。本研究的目的是通过机械活化提高赤泥的反应活性。通过硅和铝在碱性溶液中的溶解效率、强度指数和地质聚合物的强度来测量反应性。最佳条件：WGS添加量为30 wt%；研磨时间为20分钟；比表面积达到24.65 m/g；固化28天后，地聚合物的抗压强度达到15.98Mpa。应用 XRD、FTIR 和 XPS 来研究该过程中的结构转变。环境特征表明，Cr、Zn、Cu 和 Mn 等重金属的浸出浓度显着，且随着熟化时间的延长而降低。碳排放结果表明前驱体在节能减排方面表现出巨大的潜力。研究结果表明，来自两种固体废料的胶凝材料可以显着降低重金属浸出值，同时还提供经济效益。这种合成途径可以通过回收两种固体废物来实现，从而产生具有多种应用潜力的地质聚合物。