While MXenes have garnered acknowledgment for their remarkable photothermal properties, their practical usage has been hindered by their limited stability in aqueous mediums and vulnerability to external environmental factors. To address this issue, herein, we propose a simple and feasible method to enhance TiCT MXene by utilizing its Ti-OH groups to directly initiate the ring-opening polymerization of glycidol. This process leads to covalently grafting multihydroxy hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) on the surface of MXene. The resulting TiC-HPG nanohybrid demonstrates excellent aqueous dispersibility, favorable colloidal stability, and a customizable surface, thanks to the introduction of HPG. Moreover, it can withstand challenging conditions, such as extreme pH levels, high concentrations of electrolyte and bovine serum protein, and long-time storage. The abundant hydroxyl groups allow for easy modification, as demonstrated by the conjugation of rhodamine B. Preliminary in vitro and in vivo studies have unveiled that TiC-HPG exhibits low cytotoxicity and exceptional photothermal performance for effectively destroying cancer cells, thus establishing it as a highly promising photothermal agent for photothermal therapy. This study thus open a new avenue for improving the stability and surface functionality of MXenes, enabling them to meet the specific requirements of practical applications.

中文翻译：

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在 Ti3C2TX MXene 表面共价接枝多羟基超支化聚合物，显着增强胶体稳定性和光热治疗功能

虽然 MXene 因其卓越的光热性能而受到认可，但其在水介质中稳定性有限且易受外部环境因素影响，阻碍了其实际应用。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种简单可行的方法来增强 TiCT MXene，利用其 Ti-OH 基团直接引发缩水甘油的开环聚合。该过程导致多羟基超支化聚甘油 (HPG) 共价接枝到 MXene 表面。由于 HPG 的引入，所得 TiC-HPG 纳米杂化材料表现出优异的水分散性、良好的胶体稳定性和可定制的表面。此外，它可以承受具有挑战性的条件，例如极端 pH 水平、高浓度电解质和牛血清蛋白以及长期储存。丰富的羟基使其易于修饰，如罗丹明 B 的缀合所证明的那样。初步的体外和体内研究表明，TiC-HPG 具有低细胞毒性和出色的光热性能，可有效破坏癌细胞，从而使其成为一种高效的纳米材料。用于光热治疗的有前途的光热剂。因此，这项研究为提高 MXene 的稳定性和表面功能开辟了新途径，使其能够满足实际应用的特定要求。