Due to their rarity and complexity, sarcomas represent a substantial therapeutic challenge. However, the incredible diversity within and across sarcoma subtypes presents an opportunity for personalized care to maximize efficacy and limit toxicity. A deeper understanding of the molecular alterations that drive sarcoma development and treatment response has paved the way for molecular biomarkers to shape sarcoma treatment. Genetic, transcriptomic, and protein biomarkers have become critical tools for diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment selection in patients with sarcomas. In the future, emerging biomarkers like circulating tumor DNA analysis offer the potential to improve early detection, monitoring response to treatment, and identifying mechanisms of resistance to personalize sarcoma treatment. Here, we review the current state of molecular biomarkers for sarcomas and highlight opportunities and challenges for the implementation of new technologies in the future.

中文翻译：

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复杂性中的机遇：利用分子生物标志物和液体活检进行个性化肉瘤护理

由于其罕见性和复杂性，肉瘤代表着巨大的治疗挑战。然而，肉瘤亚型内部和之间令人难以置信的多样性为个性化护理提供了机会，以最大限度地提高疗效并限制毒性。对驱动肉瘤发展和治疗反应的分子改变的更深入了解为分子生物标志物塑造肉瘤治疗铺平了道路。遗传、转录组和蛋白质生物标志物已成为肉瘤患者诊断、预测和治疗选择的关键工具。未来，循环肿瘤 DNA 分析等新兴生物标志物有望改善早期检测、监测治疗反应以及识别个性化肉瘤治疗的耐药机制。在这里，我们回顾了肉瘤分子生物标志物的现状，并强调了未来实施新技术的机遇和挑战。