Explosive detecting canines should be trained using real explosive materials that have minimal contamination by other explosive odors to ensure accurate identification of potential threats. Therefore, the potential for cross-contamination between training aids is of importance. There are various storage methods in use by canine handlers, such as plastic and cloth bags, but these can lead to cross-contamination between training aids during storage. Alternatively, odor-permeable membrane devices (OPMD) may store training aides and be used as a delivery device. OPMDs allow for volatile compounds from the training aids to be released during training while helping to prevent contaminants from entering the device. However, the amount of contamination in a training aid upon receipt from a vendor is outside the control of canine handlers. To test the initial cross-contamination levels of training aids, 11 explosive materials were ordered from three different vendors. A 1-gram sample of each was collected and analyzed using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry. In several cases, explosive materials that are commercially available already exhibit elevated levels of contamination. This indicates that training aids must be acquiring contamination during manufacturing and/or storage at the vendor facility. The cross-contamination of explosive canine training aids stored in OPMDs was further evaluated and compared to traditional storage methods by storing various combinations of storage containers with explosives and using activated charcoal strips to collect the volatile compounds. Only one type of storage container, a Velcro bag, showed evidence of contamination.

中文翻译：

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犬类爆炸性教具制造和储存过程中交叉污染分析

爆炸物探测犬应使用受其他爆炸性气味污染最小的真实爆炸物进行训练，以确保准确识别潜在威胁。因此，训练辅助工具之间潜在的交叉污染非常重要。犬类训练者使用多种存储方法，例如塑料袋和布袋，但这些方法可能会导致存储过程中训练辅助工具之间的交叉污染。或者，气味渗透膜装置（OPMD）可以存储训练辅助设备并用作输送装置。 OPMD 允许训练辅助设备中的挥发性化合物在训练期间释放，同时有助于防止污染物进入设备。然而，从供应商处收到的训练辅助工具中的污染量超出了犬类处理人员的控制范围。为了测试训练辅助设备的初始交叉污染水平，从三个不同的供应商订购了 11 种爆炸材料。分别收集 1 克样品并使用气相色谱-质谱法进行分析。在一些情况下，市售的爆炸材料已经表现出较高的污染水平。这表明培训教具必须在供应商工厂的制造和/或储存过程中受到污染。通过储存装有炸药的储存容器的各种组合并使用活性炭条收集挥发性化合物，进一步评估了储存在 OPMD 中的爆炸性犬类训练辅助工具的交叉污染，并与传统储存方法进行了比较。只有一种存储容器（尼龙搭扣袋）显示出污染迹象。