Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) play pivotal roles in almost every cellular process, influencing protein stability, localization, interactions, and enzymatic activities. PTM analysis is crucial for biological and medical advancements, prompting interest in clinical-compatible methods. Nanopore technology emerges as an ideal solution due to its single-molecule sensitivity, ionic current insights, and real-time detection, allowing label-free and high-throughput PTM analysis. This is particularly valuable for exploring low-abundance modifications and dynamic processes. As PTMs pose challenges in protein sequencing, nanopore technology is positioned to impact a broad research domain, promising groundbreaking insights into biological systems and clinical applications. This review summarizes studies on PTM detection using nanopores, showcasing the technology's potential. With its promising development, nanopore research is expected to inspire further advancements and eventual commercialization for PTM detection.

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纳米孔：用于检测蛋白质翻译后修饰的新兴技术

蛋白质翻译后修饰 (PTM) 在几乎每个细胞过程中都发挥着关键作用，影响蛋白质稳定性、定位、相互作用和酶活性。 PTM 分析对于生物学和医学进步至关重要，激发了人们对临床兼容方法的兴趣。纳米孔技术因其单分子灵敏度、离子电流洞察力和实时检测而成为理想的解决方案，可实现无标记和高通量 PTM 分析。这对于探索低丰度修饰和动态过程特别有价值。由于 PTM 给蛋白质测序带来了挑战，纳米孔技术有望影响广泛的研究领域，有望为生物系统和临床应用带来突破性的见解。本综述总结了使用纳米孔进行 PTM 检测的研究，展示了该技术的潜力。纳米孔研究的前景广阔，预计将激发 PTM 检测的进一步进步并最终实现商业化。