The article explores the specifics of Russian antisemitic discourse of recent years using the example of three nationalist communities on Vkontakte, the most popular Russian social networking site, by means of critical discourse analysis. The main strategies they employ to frame the Jews online are stereotyping Jews as ungrateful and greedy, labelling the liberal opposition as Jews and using conspiracy narratives of Jews controlling the elites. The war in Ukraine has added nuances: Jews are accused of helping Ukraine, undermining the Russian political system and orchestrating the conflict. A situation of socio-political turmoil transforms the perceived threat presented by Jews in ‘pro-regime’ nationalist discourse from symbolic (identitarian) to realistic (economic and political) by providing underpinnings for the traditional fears. For nationalist communities based on the ethnic and racial understanding of a nation, this transformation is less present because they originally perceived Jews as a realistic threat. Though sociologically, Russian antisemitism has been in stable decline offline in recent decades, it is more visible online because of social media's apparent anonymity and content generation affordances.

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“不休眠的野兽”：Vkontakte 上俄罗斯民族主义者社区的反犹太主义

文章以俄罗斯最受欢迎的社交网站Vkontakte上的三个民族主义社区为例，通过批判性话语分析，探讨了近年来俄罗斯反犹太主义话语的具体情况。他们在网上陷害犹太人的主要策略是将犹太人定性为忘恩负义和贪婪的人，给自由派反对派贴上犹太人的标签，并利用犹太人控制精英的阴谋叙事。乌克兰战争增添了一些细微差别：犹太人被指控帮助乌克兰、破坏俄罗斯政治体系并策划冲突。社会政治动荡的局势为传统恐惧提供了基础，从而将犹太人在“亲政权”民族主义话语中所提出的威胁从象征性（身份主义）转变为现实（经济和政治）。对于基于民族和种族理解的民族主义社区来说，这种转变不太存在，因为他们最初将犹太人视为现实的威胁。尽管从社会学角度来看，近几十年来，俄罗斯反犹太主义在线下一直在稳步下降，但由于社交媒体明显的匿名性和内容生成能力，在线上反犹太主义的表现更为明显。