Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most prevalent diseases of central nervous system that is caused by degeneration of the substantia nigra’s dopamine-producing neurons through apoptosis. Apoptosis is regulated by initiators’ and executioners’ caspases both in intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, further resulting in neuronal damage. In that context, targeting apoptosis appears as a promising therapeutic approach for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Non-coding RNAs—more especially, microRNAs, or miRNAs—are a promising target for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases because they are essential for a number of cellular processes, including signaling, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and gene regulation. It is estimated that a substantial portion of coding genes (more than 60%) are regulated by miRNAs. These small regulatory molecules can have wide-reaching consequences on cellular processes like apoptosis, both in terms of intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Furthermore, it was recommended that a disruption in miRNA expression levels could also result in perturbation of typical apoptosis pathways, which may be a factor in certain diseases like PD. The latest research on miRNAs and their impact on neural cell injury in PD models by regulating the apoptosis pathway is summarized in this review article. Furthermore, the importance of lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network for regulating apoptosis pathways in PD models and treatment is explored. These results can be utilized for developing new strategies in PD treatment.

帕金森病（PD）是中枢神经系统最常见的疾病之一，是由于黑质产生多巴胺的神经元通过细胞凋亡而变性引起的。细胞凋亡在内源性和外源性途径中受到启动者和执行者的半胱天冬酶的调节，进一步导致神经元损伤。在这种情况下，靶向细胞凋亡似乎是治疗神经退行性疾病的一种有前途的治疗方法。非编码 RNA，尤其是 microRNA 或 miRNA，是治疗神经退行性疾病的有希望的靶标，因为它们对于许多细胞过程至关重要，包括信号传导、细胞凋亡、细胞增殖和基因调控。据估计，相当一部分编码基因（超过 60%）是由 miRNA 调控的。这些小调节分子可以对细胞凋亡等细胞过程产生广泛的影响，无论是内在途径还是外在途径。此外，有人认为 miRNA 表达水平的破坏也可能导致典型细胞凋亡途径的扰动，这可能是某些疾病（如 PD）的一个因素。本文对 miRNA 及其通过调节细胞凋亡途径对 PD 模型中神经细胞损伤的影响的最新研究进行了总结。此外，还探讨了 lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA 网络在 PD 模型和治疗中调节细胞凋亡途径的重要性。这些结果可用于开发帕金森病治疗的新策略。