Background The aim of this study was to determine and compare the miRNA profile in the immune response with the parasite in pediatric patients with acute appendicitis caused by Enterobius vermicularis and in pediatric patients with enterobiasis. Methods A total of 30 tissue samples, which were operated with the diagnosis of pediatric acute appendicitis in the last 10 y and Enterobius vermicularis was detected by histopathological findings, were analyzed. In addition, blood samples were taken from 30 pediatric patients diagnosed with enterobiasis for this study. The miRNAs that activate T and B cells were evaluated by a quantitative real-time PCR, statistically calculated within ΔΔCt values, and fold changes were evaluated by Welch’s T test, in which p<0.5 was considered to be significant. Results It was found that 48 out of 136 (35.3%) miRNAs differed between the pediatric patient and healthy control groups. It was determined that 22 (57.9%) of the different miRNAs were T cell activating miRNAs and 26 (68.4%) were B cell activating miRNAs. While there was a significant difference in miRNA values activating T cells in two patient groups (p<0.01), there was no significant difference in miRNA values activating B cells (p>0.01). Conclusions In the study, although Enterobius vermicularis was the causative agent in both patient groups, it was revealed that the immune response of patients with acute appendicitis was more affected than enterobiasis patients.

中文翻译：

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蛲虫引起的小儿急性阑尾炎和小儿蛲虫病免疫反应中miRNA谱的比较

背景本研究的目的是确定并比较由蛲虫引起的急性阑尾炎儿科患者和蛲虫病儿科患者的寄生虫免疫反应中的 miRNA 谱。方法对30例近10年内因小儿急性阑尾炎手术并经组织病理学检查发现蛲虫的组织标本进行分析。此外，本研究还采集了 30 名被诊断患有蛲虫病的儿童患者的血液样本。通过定量实时PCR评估激活T和B细胞的miRNA，在ΔΔCt值内统计计算，并通过Welch's T检验评估倍数变化，其中p＜0.5被认为是显着的。结果发现，136 个 miRNA 中有 48 个 (35.3%) 在儿科患者和健康对照组之间存在差异。确定 22 个（57.9%）不同的 miRNA 是 T 细胞激活 miRNA，26 个（68.4%）是 B 细胞激活 miRNA。虽然两个患者组中激活T细胞的miRNA值存在显着差异(p＜0.01)，但激活B细胞的miRNA值没有显着差异(p＞0.01)。结论 在该研究中，虽然蛲虫是两个患者组的病原体，但急性阑尾炎患者的免疫反应比蛲虫病患者受到的影响更大。