Purpose of Review

This integrative search aimed to provide a scoping overview of the relationships between the benefits and harms of alcohol drinking with cardiovascular events as associated to body fat mass and fatty liver diseases, as well as offering critical insights for precision nutrition research and personalized medicine implementation concerning cardiovascular risk management associated to ethanol consumption.

Recent Findings

Frequent alcohol intake could contribute to a sustained rise in adiposity over time. Body fat distribution patterns (abdominal/gluteus-femoral) and intrahepatic accumulation of lipids have been linked to adverse cardiovascular clinical outcomes depending on ethanol intake. Therefore, there is a need to understand the complex interplay between alcohol consumption, adipose store distribution, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and cardiovascular events in adult individuals. The current narrative review deals with underconsidered and apparently conflicting benefits concerning the amount of alcohol intake, ranging from abstention to moderation, and highlights the requirements for additional robust methodological studies and trials to interpret undertrained and existing controversies.

Summary

The conclusion of this review emphasizes the need of newer multifaceted clinical approaches for precision medicine implementation, considering epidemiological strategies and pathophysiological mechanistic. Newer investigations and trials should be derived and performed particularly focusing both on alcohol’s objective consequences as putatively mediated by fat deposition, including associated roles in fatty liver disease as well as to differentiate the impact of different levels of alcohol consumption (absence or moderation) concerning cardiovascular risks and accompanying clinical manifestations. Indeed, the threshold for the safe consumption of alcoholic drinks remains to be fully elucidated.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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饮酒对肥胖和脂肪肝病的影响：对代谢途径和心血管风险的同时影响

审查目的

这项综合研究旨在概述饮酒的益处和危害与身体脂肪量和脂肪肝疾病相关的心血管事件之间的关系，并为与心血管相关的精准营养研究和个性化医疗实施提供重要见解。与乙醇消费相关的风险管理。

最近的发现

随着时间的推移，频繁饮酒可能会导致肥胖持续增加。身体脂肪分布模式（腹部/臀肌-股骨）和肝内脂质积累与不良心血管临床结果有关，具体取决于乙醇摄入量。因此，有必要了解成人饮酒、脂肪储存分布、代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪肝病 (MASLD) 和心血管事件之间复杂的相互作用。目前的叙述性评论涉及有关饮酒量的未充分考虑和明显相互冲突的好处，从戒酒到适度，并强调需要进行额外的稳健的方法学研究和试验来解释训练不足和现有的争议。

概括

本综述的结论强调需要考虑流行病学策略和病理生理学机制，采用更新的多方面临床方法来实施精准医疗。应开展和开展更新的研究和试验，特别关注酒精可能由脂肪沉积介导的客观后果，包括在脂肪肝疾病中的相关作用，并区分不同饮酒水平（不饮酒或适量饮酒）对心血管的影响风险和伴随的临床表现。事实上，安全饮用酒精饮料的门槛仍有待充分阐明。

图形概要