Particulate matter and volatile organic compounds pose severe threats to human health. Therefore, in this study samples of polypropylene/graphene oxide with varying compositions were prepared for to be tested in automotive sector. Graphene oxide was obtained through an electrochemical exfoliation of graphite recovered from exhausted batteries. The preparation of the composites was performed using graphene oxide at ratios of 0.3%, 0.7% and 1.0% (w/w), already diluted in a hyperdispersant agent. The composites were compared to both pure polypropylene and polypropylene/carbon black composites. The samples were characterized based on their melt flow index, thermal stability, crystallinity, flammability, and mechanical and rheological properties. The formulations containing graphene oxide obtained from the recycling of exhausted batteries exhibited superior thermal properties and melt flow index compared to pure polypropylene. In addition, the composites containing 0.7% of graphene oxide showed an increase in flow index compared to the composite containing carbon black. The rheological properties of samples containing graphene oxide had values closer to pure polypropylene compared to those containing only hyperdispersant or carbon black. The increase in the flow index of a composite containing graphene oxide can result in energy cost savings during processing. Polypropylene/graphene oxide composites present an interesting alternative by replacing carbon black with recycled graphene oxide, both in terms of costs and environmental impact, aligning with the principles of green chemistry.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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从废电池获得的氧化石墨烯对聚丙烯组合物的贡献：机械、热和流变性能

颗粒物和挥发性有机化合物对人类健康构成严重威胁。因此，在本研究中，制备了具有不同成分的聚丙烯/氧化石墨烯样品，用于汽车领域的测试。氧化石墨烯是通过对从废电池中回收的石墨进行电化学剥离而获得的。使用已在超分散剂中稀释的氧化石墨烯以 0.3%、0.7% 和 1.0% (w/w) 的比例制备复合材料。该复合材料与纯聚丙烯和聚丙烯/炭黑复合材料进行了比较。根据熔体流动指数、热稳定性、结晶度、可燃性以及机械和流变性能对样品进行表征。与纯聚丙烯相比，含有从废电池回收中获得的氧化石墨烯的配方表现出优异的热性能和熔体流动指数。此外，与含有炭黑的复合材料相比，含有0.7%氧化石墨烯的复合材料显示出流动指数的增加。与仅含有超分散剂或炭黑的样品相比，含有氧化石墨烯的样品的流变性能更接近纯聚丙烯。含有氧化石墨烯的复合材料的流动指数的增加可以在加工过程中节省能源成本。聚丙烯/氧化石墨烯复合材料提供了一种有趣的替代方案，用回收的氧化石墨烯代替炭黑，无论是在成本还是对环境影响方面，都符合绿色化学的原理。

图形概要