The use of geogrid reinforcement has proven to be an effective measure to improve the anchor uplift capacity. However, previous studies are limited to analyzing the axial pullout capacity of plate anchors. In comparison, the anchor foundations employed in field are compelled to resist both uplift and lateral forces. In most cases, the foundation's safety against lateral forces dictates the design criteria for tall structures. Therefore, improving the foundation's lateral load-bearing capacity is of utmost importance. This paper presents a three-dimensional numerical analysis of anchor foundations in geogrid-reinforced sand under uplift and lateral forces. The results highlight the benefits of geogrid reinforcement on the anchor's response to uplift and lateral loads. The geogrid reinforcement is modelled using cable elements capturing the actual apertures responsible for tensile force mobilization along the geogrid ribs. A significant reduction in the displacements of the anchor foundation is observed in geogrid-reinforced sand, both in horizontal and vertical directions, when combined loads are applied on the anchor. However, the maximum reduction is found in the case of vertical uplift forces for higher values of the applied load. The practical implication of this study is demonstrated using a performance-based design example of transmission tower foundations in geogrid-reinforced sand.

中文翻译：

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复合荷载作用下土工格栅加筋砂锚杆基础的响应

采用土工格栅加固已被证明是提高锚杆抗拔能力的有效措施。然而，以往的研究仅限于分析板锚的轴向拉拔能力。相比之下，现场使用的锚杆基础必须同时抵抗上举力和侧向力。在大多数情况下，基础对抗侧向力的安全性决定了高层建筑的设计标准。因此，提高地基的横向承载能力至关重要。本文提出了土工格栅加筋砂土中锚杆基础在抬升力和侧向力作用下的三维数值分析。结果强调了土工格栅加固对锚对举升和横向荷载响应的好处。土工格栅加固是使用捕获实际孔径的电缆元件进行建模的，该实际孔径负责沿土工格栅肋条的拉力调动。当在锚杆上施加组合载荷时，在土工格栅加筋砂中观察到锚杆基础的位移在水平和垂直方向上显着减小。然而，当所施加的载荷值较高时，垂直升力的减少量最大。本研究的实际意义通过土工格栅加筋砂输电塔基础的基于性能的设计实例进行了论证。