Many methods for cancer treatment have been developed. Among them photothermal therapy (PTT) has drawn the most significant attention due to its noninvasiveness, remote control activation, and low side effects. However, a limited depth of light penetration of PTT is the main drawback. To improve the therapeutic efficiency, the development of combined PTT with other therapeutic agents is highly desirable. In this work, we have designed multifunctional composite carriers based on polylactic acid (PLA) particles decorated with gold nanorods (Au NRs) as nanoheaters and selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in order to perform a combined PTT against B16–F10 melanoma. To do this, we have optimized the synthesis of PLA particles modified with Se NPs and Au NRs (PLA-Se:Au), studied the cellular interactions of PLA particles with B16–F10 cells, and analyzed in vivo biodistribution and tumor inhibition efficiency. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the synergistic effect from ROS induced by Se NPs and the heating from Au NRs. In melanoma tumor-bearing mice, intratumoral injection of PLA-Se:Au followed by laser irradiation leads to almost complete elimination of tumor tissues. Thus, the optimal photothermal properties and ROS-generating capacity allow us to recommend PLA-Se:Au as a promising candidate for the development of the combined PTT against melanoma.

中文翻译：

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用于黑色素瘤协同双重治疗的多功能无机-有机复合载体

已经开发了许多癌症治疗方法。其中光热疗法（PTT）因其无创、远程控制激活和低副作用而备受关注。然而，PTT 的主要缺点是光穿透深度有限。为了提高治疗效率，开发PTT与其他治疗药物的联合治疗是非常有必要的。在这项工作中，我们设计了基于聚乳酸（PLA）颗粒的多功能复合载体，聚乳酸（PLA）颗粒装饰有金纳米棒（Au NRs）作为纳米加热器，硒纳米颗粒（Se NPs）用于产生活性氧（ROS），以进行组合PTT对抗 B16-F10 黑色素瘤。为此，我们优化了Se NPs和Au NRs修饰的PLA颗粒（PLA-Se:Au）的合成，研究了PLA颗粒与B16-F10细胞的细胞相互作用，并分析了体内生物分布和肿瘤抑制效率。体外和体内实验的结果证明了 Se NPs 诱导的 ROS 和 Au NRs 加热的协同效应。在患有黑色素瘤的小鼠中，瘤内注射PLA-Se:Au，然后进行激光照射，可以几乎完全消除肿瘤组织。因此，最佳的光热特性和 ROS 生成能力使我们推荐PLA-Se:Au作为开发联合 PTT 抗黑色素瘤的有希望的候选者。