Water electrolysis is the primary production technology for clean hydrogen, and thus ensuring safe and reliable deployment and operation of electrolyzers is essential to global sustainability efforts. In this paper, electrolytic hydrogen production pathways and upcoming deployment capacities are briefly discussed. Then we examine the main risk and reliability challenges and analyze the state of the art in quantitative risk assessment (QRA) of electrolysis technologies. We identify gaps in electrolysis QRA studies and present recommendations to enable more robust risk and reliability analysis for these technologies. Recommendations and opportunities for research to fill these gaps include: developing and adopting a system reliability approach in electrolysis risk analysis, developing and disseminating detailed electrolysis system design documentation, developing reliability data collection and analysis methods and tools, conducting importance measures analysis, conducting uncertainty analysis and propagation, developing electrolysis QRA standards, and creating programs to develop and educate the hydrogen risk and reliability workforce.

中文翻译：

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电解制氢：风险和可靠性分析的最新技术和研究需求

水电解是清洁氢气的主要生产技术，因此确保电解槽的安全可靠的部署和运行对于全球可持续发展工作至关重要。本文简要讨论了电解氢生产途径和即将推出的部署能力。然后，我们研究主要风险和可靠性挑战，并分析电解技术定量风险评估 (QRA) 的最新技术。我们找出电解 QRA 研究中的差距，并提出建议，以便对这些技术进行更稳健的风险和可靠性分析。填补这些空白的研究建议和机会包括：在电解风险分析中开发和采用系统可靠性方法，开发和传播详细的电解系统设计文件，开发可靠性数据收集和分析方法和工具，进行重要性度量分析，进行不确定性分析和传播，制定电解 QRA 标准，并制定计划来开发和教育氢风险和可靠性劳动力。