Long-term drought stress has irreversible effects on potato growth and reduces yield. Uniconazole can alleviate the growth inhibition and plant damage resulting from drought stress. In the current study, the effects of drought stress on the leaf physiology and yield of two potato varieties (Kexin No. 1, drought-tolerant, and Atlantic, drought-sensitive) and the ability of uniconazole to promote growth and productivity under drought conditions were studied. The results showed that uniconazole could effectively alleviate the degradation of chlorophyll under drought stress, and drought significantly inhibited the photosynthetic rate (P_n), transpiration rate (T_r), stomatal conductance (G_s), and intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) of the leaves of the two potato varieties. Exogenous uniconazole effectively alleviated the inhibitory effect of drought on the photosynthetic parameters of potato leaves. Compared with drought treatment, uniconazole treatment reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and superoxide anion (O₂⁻) production in the leaves of Kexin No. 1 and Atlantic plants and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, alleviating the loss of yield factors caused by drought stress. In addition, the antioxidant enzyme activity and nonenzymatic antioxidant activity of both varieties increased in response to drought stress. Drought + uniconazole treatment further increased the contents of the osmotic adjustment substances soluble protein and proline and ascorbate-glutathione (ASA-GSH) cycle products and substrates, including ascorbic acid (ASA), dehydroascorbate (DHA), glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Drought + uniconazole treatment also increased the ratio of ASA/DHA and GSH/GSSG in the two potato varieties under drought stress. This enhancement elevated the levels of reducing power and antioxidant capacity in the leaves, thus reducing the impacts of reactive oxygen species on the cell membrane. The drought-tolerant variety Kexin No. 1 exhibited a greater recovery than did the drought-sensitive variety Atlantic. These results provide a valuable reference for understanding the mechanism of drought resistance in potato plants and the effectiveness of uniconazole in alleviating drought-induced stress.

长期干旱胁迫对马铃薯生长产生不可逆转的影响并降低产量。烯效唑可以缓解干旱胁迫造成的生长抑制和植物损伤。本研究研究了干旱胁迫对两个马铃薯品种（科新1号，耐旱，大西洋，干旱敏感）叶片生理和产量的影响以及烯效唑在干旱条件下促生长和增产的能力。被研究了。结果表明，烯效唑能有效缓解干旱胁迫下叶绿素的降解，干旱显着抑制光合速率（P _n）、蒸腾速率（T _r）、气孔导度（G _s）和细胞间CO ₂浓度（C _{i ）}）两个马铃薯品种的叶子。外源烯效唑有效缓解了干旱对马铃薯叶片光合参数的抑制作用。与干旱处理相比，烯效唑处理减少了科新1号和大西洋植物叶片中丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（H ₂ O ₂）和超氧阴离子（O ₂ ^-）的产生，并增加了抗氧化酶的活性，缓解了干旱胁迫造成的产量因素损失。此外，两个品种的抗氧化酶活性和非酶抗氧化活性均因干旱胁迫而增加。干旱+烯效唑处理进一步增加了渗透调节物质可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸和抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（ASA-GSH）循环产物和底物的含量，包括抗坏血酸（ASA）、脱氢抗坏血酸（DHA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）。干旱+烯效唑处理还增加了干旱胁迫下两个马铃薯品种的ASA/DHA和GSH/GSSG比值。这种增强提高了叶子的还原能力和抗氧化能力水平，从而减少了活性氧对细胞膜的影响。耐旱品种科新1号表现出比干旱敏感品种大西洋更大的恢复能力。这些结果为了解马铃薯植株的抗旱机制以及烯效唑缓解干旱胁迫的有效性提供了有价值的参考。