At the Royal Society meeting in 2023, we have mainly presented our lunar orbit array concept called DSL, and also briefly introduced a concept of a lunar surface array, LARAF. As the DSL concept had been presented before, in this article, we introduce the LARAF. We propose to build an array in the far side of the Moon, with a master station which handles the data collection and processing, and 20 stations with maximum baseline of 10 km. Each station consists of 12 membrane antenna units, and the stations are connected to the master station by power line and optical fibre. The array will make interferometric observation in the 0.1–50 MHz band during the lunar night, powered by regenerated fuel cells. The whole array can be carried to the lunar surface with a heavy rocket mission, and deployed with a rover in eight months. Such an array would be an important step in the long-term development of lunar-based ultralong wavelength radio astronomy. It has a sufficiently high sensitivity to observe many radio sources in the sky, though still short of the dark age fluctuations. We discuss the possible options in the power supply, data communication, deployment etc.

This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Astronomy from the Moon: the next decades (part 2)'.

在2023年的英国皇家学会会议上，我们主要介绍了我们的月球轨道阵列概念，叫DSL，还简单介绍了一个月球表面阵列的概念，LARAF。由于前面已经介绍过 DSL 概念，因此在本文中我们介绍 LARAF。我们建议在月球背面建立一个阵列，其中一个负责数据收集和处理的主站，以及20个最大基线为10公里的站。每个站由12个薄膜天线单元组成，各站通过电力线和光纤与主站连接。该阵列将在月球夜间在 0.1-50 MHz 频段进行干涉观测，由再生燃料电池供电。整个阵列可以通过重型火箭任务运送到月球表面，并在八个月内用流动站部署。这样的阵列将是月球超长波长射电天文学长期发展的重要一步。它具有足够高的灵敏度，可以观测天空中的许多射电源，但仍达不到黑暗时代的波动。我们讨论了供电、数据通信、部署等方面的可能选择。

本文是“月球天文学：未来几十年（第 2 部分）”讨论会议的一部分。