Abstract

In the aging society, slow bone regeneration poses a serious hindrance to the quality of life. To deal with this problem, in this study, we have combined irisin with the bioglass regular beads to enhance the bone regeneration process. For this purpose, highly porous bioglass was obtained as spherical beads by using sodium alginate. The bioglass was evaluated by various analytical techniques such as SEM, EDS, XRD, and pore size distribution. The results depicted that porous bioglass was prepared correctly and SEM analysis showed a highly porous bioglass was formulated. On this bioglass, irisin was loaded with the assistance of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in three concentrations (50 ng/ml, 100 ng/ml, and 150 ng/ml per 1 g of bioglass). SEM analysis showed that pores are covered with PVA. The irisin release profile showed a sustained release over the time period of 7 days. In vitro, biocompatibility evaluation by the MC3T3E1 cells showed that prepared bioglass and irisin loaded bioglass (BGI50, BGI100, and BG150) are highly biocompatible. Alizarin Red staining analysis showed that after 2 weeks BGI50 samples showed highest calcium nodule formation. In vivo in the rabbit femur model was conducted for 1 and 2 months. BGI150 samples showed highest BV/TV ratio of 37.1 after 2 months. The histological data showed new bone formation surrounding the beads and with beads loaded with irisin. Immunohistochemistry using markers OPN, RUNX, COL, and ALP supported the osteogenic properties of the irisin-loaded bioglass beads. The results indicated that irisin-loaded bioglass displayed remarkable bone regeneration.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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鸢尾素-聚乙烯醇改性生物玻璃陶瓷珠在兔模型中的骨形成

摘要

在老龄化社会中，骨骼再生缓慢严重阻碍了生活质量。为了解决这个问题，在这项研究中，我们将鸢尾素与生物玻璃普通珠结合起来，以增强骨再生过程。为此，通过使用海藻酸钠获得了球形珠状的高孔隙度生物玻璃。通过各种分析技术（如 SEM、EDS、XRD 和孔径分布）对生物玻璃进行评估。结果表明，多孔生物玻璃的制备正确，SEM 分析表明配制了高度多孔的生物玻璃。在这种生物玻璃上，在聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 的帮助下，以三种浓度（每 1 克生物玻璃 50 ng/ml、100 ng/ml 和 150 ng/ml）负载鸢尾素。 SEM 分析显示孔隙被 PVA 覆盖。鸢尾素释放曲线显示在 7 天的时间内持续释放。体外MC3T3E1细胞的生物相容性评估表明，制备的生物玻璃和鸢尾素负载的生物玻璃（BGI50、BGI100和BG150）具有高度的生物相容性。茜素红染色分析表明，2 周后 BGI50 样品显示出最高的钙结节形成。体内兔股骨模型进行了1个月和2个月。 BGI150 样本在 2 个月后显示出最高的 BV/TV 比值 37.1。组织学数据显示珠子周围有新骨形成，并且珠子负载有鸢尾素。使用标记物 OPN、RUNX、COL 和 ALP 进行的免疫组织化学支持了负载鸢尾素的生物玻璃珠的成骨特性。结果表明，负载鸢尾素的生物玻璃表现出显着的骨再生能力。

图形概要