Currently, numerous renewable biomass resources are incinerated as waste or used as livestock feed. By directing these resources to the production of nanomaterials, the commercial value of what was considered mere waste increases considerably. Lignin-containing nanocellulose, for instance, can be produced under mild conditions and has unique properties that make it suitable for a wide variety of applications in different fields, including the textile industry. In the present study, we used husks as a source of cellulose to synthesize lignin-containing nanocellulose. To optimize the production process, we employed the Design of Experiments statistical tool to identify the optimal conditions. This wholly chemical-treatment-free process yielded two distinct populations of lignin-containing nanocellulose – 7.35% nanocrystals (13.95 nm in diameter and 200 nm in length) and 92.65% nanofibers (10–20 nm in diameter), both highly stable and capable of being adsorbed onto cotton fabric fibers. This study lays a foundation for the future production and application of green lignin-containing nanocellulose.

中文翻译：

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利用实验设计可持续生产含木质素的纤维素纳米纤维和纳米晶体

目前，大量可再生生物质资源被作为废物焚烧或用作牲畜饲料。通过将这些资源用于纳米材料的生产，原本被视为纯粹废物的商业价值大大增加。例如，含木质素的纳米纤维素可以在温和的条件下生产，并具有独特的性能，使其适合不同领域的广泛应用，包括纺织工业。在本研究中，我们使用谷壳作为纤维素来源来合成含木质素的纳米纤维素。为了优化生产过程，我们采用实验设计统计工具来确定最佳条件。这种完全无需化学处理的工艺产生了两种不同的含木质素纳米纤维素——7.35％的纳米晶体（直径13.95纳米，长度200纳米）和92.65％的纳米纤维（直径10-20纳米），两者都高度稳定且功能强大被吸附到棉织物纤维上。该研究为未来绿色含木质素纳米纤维素的生产和应用奠定了基础。