The present study aimed to explore the effects of sleep deprivation on young novice drivers’ cognitive neural processing of different hazard types. A 2 (sleep deprivation group, control group) × 3 (no hazard, covert hazard, overt hazard) mixed experimental design was used. Twenty-eight young drivers were sleep-deprived (no sleep within the past 24 h), while 28 drivers were in the control group (maintaining a normal schedule throughout the week). Eighty pictures containing a covert hazard (20 pictures), overt hazard (20 pictures) and no hazard (40 pictures) were presented. Participants were asked to press the keyboard quickly if they detected a hazard situation. The reaction time, accuracy, and changes in the N1 (100–150 ms) and N2 (250–350 ms) components of event-related potentials (ERP) measured using electroencephalography (EEG) were obtained. Compared to the control group, the response accuracy of sleep-deprived drivers was higher in the cover-hazard situation and their N1 latency was longer in the no-hazard situation. Compared to the no-hazard and overt-hazard situations, the participants’ reaction times and N2 amplitudes were significantly greater, and the response accuracy was significantly lower in the covert-hazard situation. Hazard perception is compromised when drivers are sleep-deprived, especially when they are confronted with covert hazard situations. The findings help understand the negative effects of sleep deprivation in the early stage of young novice drivers’ hazard perception.

中文翻译：

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睡眠剥夺和危险类型对年轻新手驾驶员危险感知的影响：一项 ERP 研究

本研究旨在探讨睡眠剥夺对年轻新手驾驶员对不同危险类型的认知神经处理的影响。采用2（睡眠剥夺组、对照组）×3（无危害、隐性危害、显性危害）混合实验设计。 28 名年轻司机睡眠不足（过去 24 小时内没有睡眠），而 28 名司机属于对照组（整周保持正常作息时间）。展示了 80 张图片，其中包含隐蔽危险（20 张图片）、明显危险（20 张图片）和无危险（40 张图片）。如果参与者发现危险情况，则要求他们快速按下键盘。获得了使用脑电图 (EEG) 测量的事件相关电位 (ERP) 的反应时间、准确性以及 N1 (100–150 ms) 和 N2 (250–350 ms) 分量的变化。与对照组相比，睡眠不足的驾驶员在有危险情况下的反应准确性更高，而在无危险情况下，他们的 N1 潜伏期更长。与无危险和明显危险情况相比，在隐蔽危险情况下，参与者的反应时间和 N2 幅度显着更大，而反应准确性显着较低。当驾驶员睡眠不足时，特别是当他们面临隐蔽的危险情况时，危险感知就会受到影响。研究结果有助于了解睡眠不足对年轻新手驾驶员危险感知早期的负面影响。