Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a prevalent haematological malignancy in which various immune and stromal cells in the bone marrow microenvironment have instrumental roles and substantially influence its progression. KIR2DL is a member of the immunoglobulin‐like receptor family and a natural killer (NK) cell surface‐specific receptor. However, its impact on immune infiltration regarding AML has not been addressed. We aimed to explore molecular markers associated with the immune microenvironment and prognosis of AML with a particular focus on KIR2DL family members. Analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype‐Tissue Expression databases revealed that KIR2DL1, KIR2DL3 and KIR2DL4 expression were significantly upregulated in AML and associated with decreased overall survival (OS). Moreover, univariate Cox analysis implicated KIR2DL genes as independent prognostic markers of OS. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that KIR2DL genes were associated with immune cells, the immune microenvironment and NK cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. Additionally, immune infiltration analyses revealed that KIR2DL upregulation was associated with stronger immune infiltration. Finally, we performed drug sensitivity profiling of KIR2DL genes using the Cellminer database. Collectively, our findings suggest that KIR2DL1, KIR2DL3 and KIR2DL4 have critical roles in AML and may represent novel biomarker genes for disease prognosis and immune infiltration.

中文翻译：

---

KIR2DL 家族可作为预后生物标志物，并与急性髓系白血病的免疫浸润相关

急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种常见的血液恶性肿瘤，骨髓微环境中的各种免疫细胞和基质细胞发挥着重要作用，并在很大程度上影响其进展。KIR2DL是免疫球蛋白样受体家族的成员，也是自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞表面特异性受体。然而，其对 AML 免疫浸润的影响尚未得到解决。我们的目的是探索与免疫微环境和 AML 预后相关的分子标记，特别关注KIR2DL家庭成员。对癌症基因组图谱和基因型组织表达数据库的数据分析表明KIR2DL1、KIR2DL3和KIR2DL4AML 中的表达显着上调，并与总生存期 (OS) 降低相关。此外，单变量 Cox 分析表明KIR2DL基因作为 OS 的独立预后标记。功能富集分析表明KIR2DL基因与免疫细胞、免疫微环境和 NK 细胞介导的细胞毒性有关。此外，免疫浸润分析表明KIR2DL上调与更强的免疫浸润相关。最后，我们进行了药物敏感性分析KIR2DL使用 Cellminer 数据库的基因。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明KIR2DL1、KIR2DL3和KIR2DL4在 AML 中发挥关键作用，可能代表疾病预后和免疫浸润的新型生物标志物基因。