In ionosphere modeling, the single-layer height can influence the location of ionospheric pierce points (IPPs) and the mapping function errors, which is regarded as a constant ranging from 350 to 450 km. In this study, according to the relationship between the F2 layer peak height (hmF2) and the single-layer height, the obtained single-layer height was applied to generate global ionosphere maps (GIMs) using ground-based data, named WUHH. In addition, the generated GIMs were used to compare the GIMs provided by the international global navigation satellite system service, named IGSG, and those generated by ground-based data with a height of 450 km, named WUHG. Meanwhile, the single-frequency precise point positioning (SF-PPP) technique and difference of slant total electron content (dSTEC) method were applied for evaluation. Compared with IGSG, the mean bias was about −1.043 and −0.954 total electron content unit (TECU) for WUHG and WUHH, while their corresponding root mean square (RMS) was about 1.699 and 2.527 TECU. The mean 3-D error assessed by the SF-PPP technique was 0.636, 0.695, and 0.595 m for IGSG, WUHG, and WUHH. The positioning errors were reduced by about 6.4% and 14% for WUHH with respect to IGSG and WUHG. Finally, the self-consistency evaluation results showed that the mean bias was 0.107, 0.055, and 0.057 TECU for IGSG, WUHG, and WUHH, while the RMS was 1.609, 1.543, and 1.536 TECU for IGSG, WUHG, and WUHH.

中文翻译：

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电离层有效高度模拟电离层的初步结果

在电离层建模中，单层高度会影响电离层穿透点（IPP）的位置和映射函数误差，将其视为350至450 km范围内的常数。本研究根据F2层峰值高度（hmF2）与单层高度之间的关系，利用获得的单层高度利用地面数据生成全球电离层图（GIM），命名为WUHH。此外，生成的GIM还用于比较国际全球导航卫星系统服务IGSG提供的GIM和高度为450公里的地面数据生成的GIM（WUHG）。同时采用单频精密单点定位（SF-PPP）技术和倾斜总电子含量差（dSTEC）方法进行评估。与IGSG相比，WUHG和WUHH的平均偏差约为-1.043和-0.954总电子含量单位(TECU)，而相应的均方根(RMS)约为1.699和2.527 TECU。 SF-PPP 技术评估的 IGSG、WUHG 和 WUHH 的平均 3-D 误差分别为 0.636、0.695 和 0.595 m。相对于 IGSG 和 WUHG，WUHH 的定位误差分别减少了约 6.4% 和 14%。最后，自一致性评价结果显示，IGSG、WUHG和WUHH的平均偏差分别为0.107、0.055和0.057 TECU，而IGSG、WUHG和WUHH的RMS分别为1.609、1.543和1.536 TECU。