Abstract

Background

Grapevine is associated with various microorganisms, forming an holobiont. The age of the grapevine and the effect of several declines on the root mycobiota was already studied.

Aims

Grapevine is an heterografted plant with two different genotypes coexisting, the one from the rootstock and the one from scion. We studied both the effect of rootstock genotype and the grafting of a grape variety on the grapevine root mycobiota.

Methods

The experiment was carried out in a conservatory vineyard in Burgundy (France) made of two collections: one with rootstocks grown as ungrafted and one with several grape varieties grafted onto the 5C or SO4 rootstocks. Physico-chemical properties were characterized. Soil and roots were sampled to analyse fungal communities with a metabarcoding approach using ITS and LSU as targets and specific of fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, respectively.

Results

Whatever the rootstock, a core mycobiota was associated with roots. In addition, part of root mycobiota is influenced either by the rootstock or by the scion or by the soil. The genetic background could not be fully explored, but it could have a role in the differential recruitment of microorganisms.

Conclusion

Further studies should focus on both rootstock and scion part, independently and crosswise, in order to better understand the mechanisms involved in specific root microbial interactions within the grapevine holobiont, and to provide a better response to the health and environmental problems affecting grapevines.

中文翻译：

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砧木多样性和嫁接品种对葡萄根真菌群结构和组成的影响

摘要

背景

葡萄藤与各种微生物相关，形成全生物体。葡萄藤的年龄以及几次衰退对根部真菌群的影响已经被研究过。

目标

葡萄是一种异质嫁接植物，同时存在两种不同的基因型，一种来自砧木，另一种来自接穗。我们研究了砧木基因型和葡萄品种嫁接对葡萄根真菌群的影响。

方法

该实验在勃艮第（法国）的一个温室葡萄园中进行，由两个系列组成：一个是未嫁接的砧木，另一个是嫁接到 5C 或 SO4 砧木上的多个葡萄品种。表征了物理化学性质。对土壤和根部进行采样，采用元条形码方法分析真菌群落，分别使用 ITS 和 LSU 作为真菌和丛枝菌根真菌的目标和特异性。

结果

无论砧木是什么，核心菌群都与根相关。此外，部分根部菌群受到砧木、接穗或土壤的影响。遗传背景无法完全探索，但它可能在微生物的差异招募中发挥作用。

结论

进一步的研究应集中于砧木和接穗部分，独立和交叉，以便更好地了解葡萄全生物内特定根部微生物相互作用的机制，并更好地应对影响葡萄树的健康和环境问题。