Introduction:Autologous platelet concentrate (APC) are pro-angiogenic and can promote wound healing and tissue repair, also in combination with other biomaterials. However, challenging defect situations remain demanding. 3D bioprinting of an APC based bioink encapsulated in a hydrogel could overcome this limitation with enhanced physio-mechanical interface, growth factor retention/secretion and defect-personalized shape to ultimately enhance regeneration.Methods:This study used extrusion-based bioprinting to create a novel bioink of alginate/cellulose hydrogel loaded with thrombocyte concentrate. Chemico-physical testing exhibited an amorphous structure characterized by high shape fidelity. Cytotoxicity assay and incubation of human osteogenic sarcoma cells (SaOs2) exposed excellent biocompatibility. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis confirmed pro-angiogenic growth factor release of the printed constructs, and co-incubation with HUVECS displayed proper cell viability and proliferation. Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay explored the pro-angiogenic potential of the prints in vivo. Detailed proteome and secretome analysis revealed a substantial amount and homologous presence of pro-angiogenic proteins in the 3D construct.Results:This study demonstrated a 3D bioprinting approach to fabricate a novel bioink of alginate/cellulose hydrogel loaded with thrombocyte concentrate with high shape fidelity, biocompatibility, and substantial pro-angiogenic properties.Conclusion:This approach may be suitable for challenging physiological and anatomical defect situations when translated into clinical use.

中文翻译：

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迈向优化的组织再生：一种新型可3D打印海藻酸盐/纤维素水凝胶生物墨水，负载血小板浓缩物

简介：自体血小板浓缩物 (APC) 具有促血管生成作用，可以促进伤口愈合和组织修复，也可以与其他生物材料结合使用。然而，具有挑战性的缺陷情况仍然要求很高。封装在水凝胶中的基于 APC 的生物墨水的 3D 生物打印可以通过增强的物理机械界面、生长因子保留/分泌和缺陷个性化形状来克服这一限制，从而最终增强再生。方法：本研究使用基于挤出的生物打印来创建一种新型的生物墨水。负载血小板浓缩物的藻酸盐/纤维素水凝胶生物墨水。化学物理测试显示出具有高形状保真度的无定形结构。人成骨肉瘤细胞 (SaOs2) 的细胞毒性测定和培养显示出优异的生物相容性。酶联免疫吸附测定分析证实了打印结构的促血管生成生长因子释放，并且与 HUVECS 共孵育显示出适当的细胞活力和增殖。绒毛尿囊膜 (CAM) 测定探索了印迹的促血管生成潜力体内。详细的蛋白质组和分泌组分析揭示了 3D 构建体中存在大量且同源的促血管生成蛋白。结果：这项研究证明了一种 3D 生物打印方法，可以制造一种新型藻酸盐/纤维素水凝胶生物墨水，该生物墨水负载有具有高形状保真度的血小板浓缩物，结论：当转化为临床应用时，这种方法可能适合于挑战生理和解剖缺陷情况。