Impulsivity and its different facets have been studied for decades as some of the main personality traits linked to psychopathology. However, in recent years, research has emphasized compulsivity as a more proximal risk factor for certain disorders, leading to different theorizations on the relation between impulsivity facets and compulsivity. Building on a model proposed by Nigg (2017), this study identified the factor structure of Compulsivity and Impulsivity facets (Immediate Reward Preference, Cue-Triggered Impulsive Response, and Planful Risk-Taking) and explored their prospective associations with depressive symptoms, alcohol, and cannabis-related problems. A total of 729 emerging adults were measured at two waves of data collection, using the Impulsive-Compulsive Behaviours Checklist, UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, Sensitivity to Punishment and Sensitivity to Reward Questionnaire, Delay Discounting Task, and questionnaires designed to measure substance-related problems and depressive symptomatology. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a four-factor orthogonal structure reflecting the lower-level facets in Nigg’s model. Compulsivity predicted increased depressive symptoms, whereas CTIR predicted cannabis-related problems. Robustness analyses showed substantial but not complete consistency in findings, pointing to variations in associations depending on specific measures used to assess each construct. This study contributes to understanding the complex interplay of impulsivity and compulsivity and their relevance as vulnerability factors for different mental health conditions.

冲动及其不同方面作为与精神病理学相关的一些主要人格特征已经被研究了几十年。然而，近年来，研究强调强迫症是某些疾病的更直接的危险因素，导致对冲动方面和强迫症之间的关系产生不同的理论。基于 Nigg (2017) 提出的模型，本研究确定了强迫性和冲动性方面的因素结构（立即奖励偏好、提示触发的冲动反应和计划性冒险），并探讨了它们与抑郁症状、酒精、以及与大麻相关的问题。使用冲动-强迫行为检查表、UPPS-P 冲动行为量表、对惩罚的敏感性和对奖励的敏感性问卷、延迟贴现任务以及旨在测量物质-相关问题和抑郁症状。验证性因素分析揭示了反映 Nigg 模型中较低级别方面的四因素正交结构。强迫症预示着抑郁症状的增加，而 CTIR 则预示着与大麻相关的问题。稳健性分析显示结果具有实质性但不完全的一致性，指出关联性的变化取决于用于评估每个结构的具体措施。这项研究有助于理解冲动性和强迫性之间复杂的相互作用以及它们作为不同心理健康状况的脆弱因素的相关性。