Abstract

Verbal praise is often used to improve prospective memory performance in daily life. According to the motivation cognitive model, the promotional effect of verbal praise on prospective memory may depend largely on redeploying attentional resources, so its promotional effect is likely to be influenced by attention. Two groups of college students (n = 128, n = 117) participated in two experimental studies that examined this hypothesis. Experiment 1 manipulated attention load by changing the difficulty of the ongoing tasks to focus on the effect of verbal praise on prospective memory under different attention load conditions. The results showed that verbal praise promoted prospective memory performance under both attentional load conditions (low, high), but verbal praise mainly promoted the prospective component when the attentional load was low, meanwhile, verbal praise mainly promoted the retrospective component when the attention load was high. Experiment 2 altered the dependence of prospective memory tasks on attentional resources by manipulating the cue focality, further exploring the promotional effect of verbal praise on prospective memory with different types of cues under the low attention load condition. The results showed that verbal praise only promoted prospective memory when non-focal cues were used. The results of this study partially verified the motivation cognitive model.

中文翻译：

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言语表扬对前瞻记忆的影响

摘要

口头表扬经常被用来提高日常生活中的预期记忆表现。根据动机认知模型，言语表扬对前瞻记忆的促进作用可能很大程度上依赖于重新部署注意力资源，因此其促进作用很可能受到注意力的影响。两组大学生（n  = 128，n  = 117）参加了两项实验研究来检验这一假设。实验1通过改变正在进行的任务的难度来控制注意力负荷，重点关注不同注意力负荷条件下言语表扬对前瞻记忆的影响。结果表明，在两种注意力负荷条件下（低、高），言语表扬都促进了前瞻性记忆表现，但当注意力负荷较低时，言语表扬主要促进了前瞻性成分，而当注意力负荷较低时，言语表扬主要促进了回顾性成分。高的。实验2通过操纵线索焦点改变前瞻记忆任务对注意资源的依赖，进一步探讨低注意负荷条件下言语表扬对不同类型线索前瞻记忆的促进作用。结果表明，当使用非焦点线索时，口头表扬只会促进前瞻性记忆。本研究结果部分验证了动机认知模型。