Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) in its α‐phase is among the most desirable perovskite compositions for solar cells. However, because of its transition into the yellow δ‐phase at room temperature, it is a challenge to process it in ambient air by scalable fabrication methods. Here the introduction of a trace amount of cadmium (in the form of CdI2) to FAPbI3 is reported and found that it enhances the stability of the perovskite's black α‐phase polymorph, inhibits non‐radiative recombination events, leads to pin‐hole free compact surface morphology, and improves band energy alignment. The 0.6% Cd‐doped FAPbI3 solar cells show a champion efficiency of 22.7% for 0.049 cm2 and 16.4% for cm2‐scale pixels, which, to the best of the knowledge, are among the highest for air‐ambient fully blade‐coated pure FAPbI3 solar cells with an n‐i‐p architecture. Transient absorption microscopy measurements reveal that Cd doping reduces the number of trapped charges and increases their lifetimes, promoting charge accumulation and a higher photovoltage. The study sheds light on the potential of cadmium as a homovalent dopant for the stabilization and performance enhancement of FAPbI3 performance solar cells.

中文翻译：

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镉掺杂减缓环境空气刀片涂层甲脒碘化铅钙钛矿太阳能电池中的陷阱排空

甲脒碘化铅 (FAPbI3）的 α 相是太阳能电池最理想的钙钛矿成分之一。然而，由于它在室温下转变为黄色δ相，因此通过可扩展的制造方法在环境空气中对其进行加工是一个挑战。这里引入了微量的镉（以CdI的形式）2) 至 FAPbI3据报道，发现它增强了钙钛矿黑色α相多晶型物的稳定性，抑制非辐射复合事件，导致无针孔致密表面形态，并改善能带能量排列。 0.6% Cd 掺杂 FAPbI30.049 cm 太阳能电池的冠军效率为 22.7%2厘米为 16.4%2‐尺度像素，据所知，是空气环境下全叶片涂层纯 FAPbI 中最高的像素之一3太阳能电池与掐建筑学。瞬态吸收显微镜测量表明，镉掺杂减少了捕获电荷的数量并延长了它们的寿命，促进电荷积累和更高的光电压。该研究揭示了镉作为同价掺杂剂稳定和增强 FAPbI 性能的潜力3高性能太阳能电池。