An organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) is an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) that utilizes light to toggle between ON and OFF states. The current response to light and voltage fluxes in aqueous media renders the OPECT ideal for the development of next-generation bioelectronic devices, including light-assisted biosensors, light-controlled logic gates, and artificial photoreceptors. However, existing OPECT architectures are complex, often requiring photoactive nanostructures prepared through labor-intensive synthetic methods, and despite this complexity, their performance remains limited. In this study, we develop aqueous electrolyte-compatible optoelectronic transistors using a single n-type semiconducting polymer. The n-type film performs multiple tasks: (1) gating the channel, (2) generating a photovoltage in response to light, and (3) coupling and transporting cations and electrons in the channel. We systematically investigate the photoelectrochemical properties of a range of n-type polymeric mixed conductors to understand the material requirements for maximizing phototransistor performance. Our findings contribute to the identification of crucial material and device properties necessary for constructing high-performance OPECTs with simplified design features and a direct interface with biological systems.

中文翻译：

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用于一体式水电解质门控光电化学晶体管的 N 型聚合物混合导体

有机光电化学晶体管（OPECT）是一种利用光在开和关状态之间切换的有机电化学晶体管（OECT）。目前对水介质中光和电压通量的响应使 OPECT 成为开发下一代生物电子器件的理想选择，包括光辅助生物传感器、光控逻辑门和人工光感受器。然而，现有的 OPECT 结构很复杂，通常需要通过劳动密集型合成方法制备光敏纳米结构，尽管如此复杂，但其性能仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们使用单一 n 型半导体聚合物开发了与水性电解质兼容的光电晶体管。 n 型薄膜执行多项任务：(1) 门控通道，(2) 响应光产生光电压，以及 (3) 耦合和传输通道中的阳离子和电子。我们系统地研究了一系列 n 型聚合物混合导体的光电化学特性，以了解最大限度提高光电晶体管性能的材料要求。我们的研究结果有助于确定构建具有简化设计特征和与生物系统直接接口的高性能 OPECT 所需的关键材料和设备特性。