ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) combined with computed tomography‐guided percutaneous needle biopsy (CT‐PNB) or radial endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS‐TBLB) for pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC).MethodsClinical data of 33 patients diagnosed with PC at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University between February 2018 and June 2023 were retrospectively analysed. Patients were divided into the CT‐PNB and EBUS‐TBLB groups based on the intervention method, and the diagnostic positivity rate and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsCompared with the final diagnosis, the positive diagnostic rates of ROSE, histopathology and serum CrAg of all patients were 81.8% (27/33), 72.7% (24/33) and 63.6% (21/33), respectively. The average turnaround times of the three methods were 0.1 (0.1–0.2) h, 96.0 (48.0–120.0) h and 7.8 (4.5–13.6) h, respectively (P < 0.001). The coincidence rate between histopathology and ROSE was 84.8% with a kappa value of 0.574. The positive diagnostic rate for PC was significantly higher in the CT‐PNB group than in the EBUS‐TBLB group (92.9% vs. 57.9%), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Combined with the ROSE results, the positive diagnostic rate in the EBUS‐TBLB group increased to 84.2% (16/19).ConclusionROSE has commendable accuracy and timeliness, and CT‐PNB offers further advantages in this regard. ROSE enhances the diagnostic efficiency of EBUS‐TBLB for PC and is safe and effective.

中文翻译：

---

快速现场评估结合介入肺病学技术在肺隐球菌病诊断中的价值

目的：本研究的目的是评估快速现场评估（ROSE）联合计算机断层扫描引导下经皮穿刺活检（CT-PNB）或径向支气管内超声引导下经支气管肺活检（EBUS-TBLB）对肺部疾病的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2018年2月至2023年6月苏州大学第三附属医院确诊为PC的33例患者的临床资料。根据干预方式将患者分为CT-PNB组和EBUS-TBLB组，比较两组的诊断阳性率和并发症发生率。结果与最终诊断结果相比，ROSE、组织病理学和病理学检查的阳性诊断率所有患者血清CrAg分别为81.8%（27/33）、72.7%（24/33）和63.6%（21/33）。三种方法的平均周转时间分别为0.1（0.1-0.2）小时、96.0（48.0-120.0）小时和7.8（4.5-13.6）小时（P <0.001）。组织病理学与ROSE的符合率为84.8%，kappa值为0.574。 CT-PNB组PC的阳性诊断率显着高于EBUS-TBLB组（92.9% vs. 57.9%），差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结合ROSE结果，EBUS-TBLB组的阳性诊断率提高至84.2%（16/19）。结论ROSE具有值得称赞的准确性和及时性，而CT-PNB在这方面具有进一步的优势。 ROSE提高了EBUS-TBLB for PC的诊断效率，并且安全有效。