AimTo provide paediatricians with a summary of efficacy and safety of SQ sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablets from phase three, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis, with and without asthma.MethodsPubMed searches were conducted and unpublished data were included if necessary.ResultsOf the 93 publications, 12 were identified reporting 10 trials. One trial was excluded as paediatric‐specific efficacy data were unavailable. The nine eligible trials evaluated grass, house dust mite, ragweed and tree SLIT tablets. Consistent reductions in allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms and medication use were observed with SQ SLIT tablets versus placebo. In a five‐year trial, sustained reduction of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms, asthma symptoms and medication use were observed with SQ grass SLIT tablet versus placebo. The number‐needed‐to‐treat to prevent asthma symptoms and medication use in one additional child during follow‐up was lowest in younger children. SQ SLIT tablets were generally well tolerated across trials.ConclusionEvidence supports use of SQ SLIT tablets in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis or rhinoconjunctivitis, with and without asthma. Long‐term data demonstrate disease‐modifying effects of SQ grass SLIT tablet and suggest the clinical relevance of initiating allergy immunotherapy earlier in the disease course.

中文翻译：

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SQ舌下含服免疫治疗片治疗儿童过敏性鼻炎：三期试验回顾

目的为儿科医生提供 SQ 舌下免疫治疗 (SLIT) 片剂的疗效和安全性总结，该试验来自三期、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，对患有过敏性鼻炎或鼻结膜炎（伴或不伴哮喘）的儿童和青少年进行。如有必要，还包括已进行和未发表的数据。结果 在 93 篇出版物中，确定有 12 篇报告了 10 项试验。由于无法获得儿科特异性疗效数据，一项试验被排除。九项符合条件的试验评估了草、屋尘螨、豚草和树木 SLIT 片剂。与安慰剂相比，SQ SLIT 片剂观察到过敏性鼻炎或鼻结膜炎症状和药物使用持续减少。在一项为期五年的试验中，观察到 SQ 草 SLIT 片剂与安慰剂相比，过敏性鼻结膜炎症状、哮喘症状和药物使用持续减少。在随访期间，另一名儿童中需要治疗以预防哮喘症状和药物使用的人数在年幼的儿童中最低。 SQ SLIT 片剂在整个试验中普遍具有良好的耐受性。结论证据支持 SQ SLIT 片剂用于患有过敏性鼻炎或鼻结膜炎的儿童和青少年，无论是否患有哮喘。长期数据证明了 SQ 草 SLIT 片剂的疾病缓解作用，并表明在病程早期开始过敏免疫治疗的临床意义。