Physochlaina is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Solanaceae and consists of 10 species distributed in various Asian countries. The species of the genus have been traditionally used to cure a variety of illnesses due to their highly valuable medicinal properties, including cancer, asthma, cough, weakness, stomachache, diarrhea, swelling, spasms, toothache, boils, ulcers, rheumatic pain, chronic bronchitis, gastric problems, abdominal pain, palpitation, and insomnia. The species have gained significant attention due to their remarkable ethnopharmacological and ethnomedicinal significance. The researchers have isolated so far 71 biologically active secondary metabolites from different Physochlaina species, which include flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins, phenolic acids, iridoids, and sterols. These compounds exhibit diverse biological activities, such as antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anticancer properties. The present review has been compiled with the intention of providing a comprehensive overview of the botany, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemical profile, and biological activities of the genus Physochlaina for future exploration of plant-based drugs and therapeutic approaches. The present review contributes to understanding the significant pharmacological potential of Physochlaina species and unraveling their chemical composition, highlighting their relevance in developing therapeutic agents. Till date, numerous pharmacological properties and isolated phytochemicals of Physochlaina species that support the species traditional and ethnobotanical history have been documented in a number of scientific publications. However, greater emphasis should be paid to in vivo investigations on various extracts and their phytoconstituents as well as mechanistic analysis to help drug developers better understand how to use Physochlaina species as significant therapeutic resources for herbal formulations using various techniques.

中文翻译：

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商藻属的传统应用、植物化学和药理学综述

Physochlaina是属于茄科的开花植物属，由 10 个物种组成，分布于亚洲各国。该属的物种由于其高度有价值的药用特性，传统上被用来治疗多种疾病，包括癌症、哮喘、咳嗽、虚弱、胃痛、腹泻、肿胀、痉挛、牙痛、疖子、溃疡、风湿痛、慢性疼痛等。支气管炎、胃病、腹痛、心悸和失眠。该物种因其显着的民族药理学和民族医学意义而受到广泛关注。迄今为止，研究人员已从不同的商藻类物种中分离出 71 种具有生物活性的次生代谢物，其中包括类黄酮、生物碱、香豆素、酚酸、环烯醚萜和甾醇。这些化合物表现出多种生物活性，例如抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、细胞毒性和抗癌特性。本综述的目的是对商藻属的植物学、分布、传统用途、植物化学特征和生物活性提供全面的概述，以供未来探索植物药物和治疗方法。本综述有助于了解商藻属物种的重要药理学潜力并揭示其化学成分，强调其在开发治疗药物中的相关性。迄今为止，许多科学出版物中记录了商藻属物种的许多药理学特性和分离的植物化学物质，支持该物种的传统和民族植物学历史。然而，应更加重视对各种提取物及其植物成分的体内研究以及机制分析，以帮助药物开发商更好地了解如何使用商藻属物种作为使用各种技术的草药配方的重要治疗资源。