Integrating renewable energy sources (RES) into power systems presents significant challenges due to their diverse nature and operational characteristics. This study addresses these challenges through an innovative strategy that simulates solar and wind farms, storage systems, fuel cell generators of hydrogen energy (via electrolysis), and hydrogen storage, all governed by an intelligent controller. Alongside a mathematical model defining the system's dynamics, a multi‐objective optimization model is employed, exploring the system's operational, financial, and environmental impacts. While the mathematical model has limitations, the advanced model captures the system's dynamic behavior with exceptional precision. This intelligent simulation simplifies the complex interrelationships between various resources in the system, highlighting the viability of RES integration for enhanced benefits. Multi‐objective optimization of a real case study of Iowa 240‐Bus power system in the Midwest United States has resulted in an annual savings of $126 147.8, along with a significant CO2 reduction of 951 035.6 kg compared with the basecase. The total annual energy costs, including capital costs and electricity sales, are reported to be $157 430.4, and the total annual CO2 emissions are −4453.8 kg. Financial indicators highlight an annual cost reduction of 10.3% and an annual emission reduction of 100.5%. The simple and detailed project break‐even years are 18 and 1, respectively, with the project savings to cost minimization scenario ratio at 1.04. The optimization process efficiently handled a complex problem involving 5921 iterations, 299 247 variables, 11 854 discrete variables, and 342 167 equations, completing the entire operation in 12.7 s. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

中文翻译：

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多种可再生能源整合的技术经济模型：实现二氧化碳净零排放

由于可再生能源 (RES) 的不同性质和运行特性，将其集成到电力系统中提出了重大挑战。这项研究通过一种创新策略来解决这些挑战，该策略模拟太阳能和风电场、存储系统、氢能燃料电池发电机（通过电解）和氢存储，所有这些都由智能控制器控制。除了定义系统动态的数学模型外，还采用多目标优化模型来探索系统的运营、财务和环境影响。虽然数学模型有局限性，但高级模型以极高的精度捕获系统的动态行为。这种智能模拟简化了系统中各种资源之间复杂的相互关系，突出了 RES 集成以提高效益的可行性。对美国中西部爱荷华州 240 总线电力系统的实际案例研究进行多目标优化，每年节省 126 147.8 美元，同时还减少了大量的二氧化碳排放2与基本情况相比减少了 951 035.6 千克。据报告，年度能源总成本（包括资本成本和电力销售）为 157 430.4 美元，年度二氧化碳排放总量为 157 430.4 美元。2排放量为-4453.8千克。财务指标突出显示，每年成本降低10.3%，年排放量减少100.5%。简单项目和详细项目的盈亏平衡年分别为 18 年和 1 年，项目节省与成本最小化情景比率为 1.04。优化过程有效地处理了涉及 5921 次迭代、299 247 个变量、11 854 个离散变量和 342 167 个方程的复杂问题，在 12.7 s 内完成了整个操作。 © 2024 日本电气工程师协会。由 Wiley 期刊有限责任公司出版。