This study examined the effects of infant negative affectivity (NA) and maternal and paternal depressive symptoms on fathers' and mothers' perceptions of coparenting across the first 2 years following an infant's birth. A total of 147 two‐parent families (most couples were White, married, and living together) with healthy, full‐term infants were recruited. At each time point, fathers and mothers separately reported their coparenting perceptions via the Coparenting Relationship Scale and their depressive symptoms using the depression subscale of Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised. Mothers also reported their children's NA via the Infant Behavior Questionnaire‐Revised at 3 to 12 months and the Early Child Behavior Questionnaire at 18 and 24 months. Findings from growth curve models in an actor–partner interdependence model framework suggested that among parents with higher depression, there were steeper declines in coparenting quality reported by parents and their spouses across 3–24 months. In addition, three separate two‐way interactions between variables including higher‐than‐usual parental and spousal depression, as well as higher‐than‐usual infant NA predicted poorer‐than‐usual coparenting experiences. Findings indicate that coparenting is a dynamically unfolding construct that is impacted by ongoing changes in the parents' social‐ecological niche and suggest the need to consider both parent and child characteristics, and to include spousal influences, to get a comprehensive, whole‐family understanding of levels and changes in coparenting relationships. The findings also confirm that coparenting dynamics may benefit from interventions engaging both couples and addressing multiple risk factors from both parents (e.g., depression) and children (e.g., NA).

中文翻译：

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共同养育作为家庭层面的构建：前两年父母和孩子的投入

这项研究探讨了婴儿负面情感 (NA) 以及母亲和父亲的抑郁症状对婴儿出生后头两年内父亲和母亲对共同养育的看法的影响。总共招募了 147 个拥有健康足月婴儿的双亲家庭（大多数夫妇是已婚且同居的白人）。在每个时间点，父亲和母亲分别通过共同养育关系量表报告他们的共同养育看法，并使用症状检查表-90-修订版的抑郁子量表报告他们的抑郁症状。母亲们还通过 3 至 12 个月时修订的婴儿行为问卷以及 18 和 24 个月时的早期儿童行为问卷报告了孩子的 NA。演员-伴侣相互依赖模型框架中的成长曲线模型的研究结果表明，在抑郁程度较高的父母中，父母及其配偶在 3-24 个月内报告的共同养育质量下降幅度更大。此外，变量之间的三个独立的双向交互作用，包括高于平常的父母和配偶抑郁，以及高于平常的婴儿NA，预示着比平常较差的共同养育经历。研究结果表明，共同养育是一个动态展开的结构，受到父母社会生态位持续变化的影响，并表明需要考虑父母和孩子的特征，并考虑配偶的影响，以获得全面的、整个家庭的理解共同养育关系的水平和变化。研究结果还证实，共同养育动态可能受益于夫妻双方参与并解决来自父母（例如抑郁症）和孩子（例如NA）的多种风险因素的干预措施。