ObjectiveTo describe the existing knowledge on the efficacy of the different gingival retraction systems (GRSs) in gingival displacement, to know their effects on biological functions of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), and on the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and MCP-1) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and saliva.MethodsThe protocol used for this systematic review was registered in INPLASY: 202410005. A digital search was performed in the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar of the literature published in the English language in the last 17 years (from December 10th, 2006, to May 15th, 2023), and included retrospective randomized clinical studies, prospective, and in vitro experimental studies. In addition, PRISMA criteria were followed. The methodological validity of the selected articles was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tool, and the modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials checklist (CONSORT).Results27 articles published between 2006 and 2023 were evaluated. Six hundred 32 subjects, aged between 18 and 65, participated in the clinical studies. 93.7% of the studies assessed periodontally healthy patients, and only 6.3% evaluated patients with mild gingivitis. Also, 882 teeth were samples, of which the majority were posterior teeth (54%). The most commonly used GRSs was aluminum chloride gingival retraction paste (74%). The GCF samples were taken in 67% of the studies, and ELISA was used in all studies (100%) to determine inflammatory mediators. The most frequently analyzed marker was TNF-α (67%).ConclusionThe system Merocel Strips (Mystic, conn, USA) achieved the highest level of gingival displacement (1.66 ± 3.7 mm). In addition, the braided cords produced the lowest TNF-α levels (0.43 ± 0.08pg/mL). Astringent systems such as ferric sulfate had higher toxicity in HGFs.

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固定假牙牙龈收缩系统的临床和免疫学方面：系统评价

目的描述不同牙龈退缩系统（GRS）对牙龈移位的功效的现有知识，了解其对人牙龈成纤维细胞（HGF）生物学功能以及炎症介质（TNF-α和MCP-）表达的影响。 1) 龈沟液 (GCF) 和唾液中。方法用于本系统评价的方案已在 IPLASY 中注册：202410005。在数据库 PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus、Science Direct、Web of Science 和 Google 中进行了数字搜索过去17年（从2006年12月10日到2023年5月15日）以英文发表的文献学者，包括回顾性随机临床研究、前瞻性研究和体外实验研究。此外，还遵循 PRISMA 标准。使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所 (JBI) 批判性评估工具和修改后的报告试验综合标准清单 (CONSORT) 评估所选文章的方法学有效性。结果对 2006 年至 2023 年发表的 27 篇文章进行了评估。 600 名 32 名年龄在 18 岁至 65 岁之间的受试者参加了临床研究。 93.7% 的研究评估了牙周健康的患者，只有 6.3% 的研究评估了轻度牙龈炎的患者。另外，还有882颗牙齿作为样本，其中大多数是后牙（54%）。最常用的 GRS 是氯化铝缩龈膏（74%）。 67% 的研究中采集了 GCF 样本，所有研究 (100%) 均使用 ELISA 来确定炎症介质。最常分析的标志物是 TNF-α (67%)。结论 Merocel Strips 系统（美国康涅狄格州米斯蒂克）实现了最高水平的牙龈移位（1.66 ± 3.7 毫米）。此外，编织线产生的 TNF-α 水平最低（0.43 ± 0.08pg/mL）。硫酸铁等收敛剂系统对 HGF 具有较高的毒性。