This work used the solution-casting preparation method to create flexible polymer composite materials including titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Then, using a wide-beam homemade cold-cathode ion generator, the samples were irradiated with oxygen fluences of 4 × 10¹⁶, 8 × 10¹⁶ and 12 × 10¹⁶ ions/cm². Using the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, contact angle and X-ray diffraction techniques, the successful production of PVA/titanium dioxide composite films was evaluated. The effects of ion exposure on the optical behavior were determined using the ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy technique. The PVA/titanium dioxide dispersion energy was 1.75 eV. It increased to 2.21, 2.66 and 3.12 eV with irradiation of 4 × 10¹⁶, 8 × 10¹⁶ and 12 × 10¹⁶ ions/cm², respectively. Moreover, the refractive index (n ₀) of PVA/titanium dioxide was 1.18, which increased to 1.25, 1.32 and 1.40, respectively. Moreover, the oscillation energy E ₀ reduced from 4.24 eV for the PVA/titanium dioxide composite to 3.84, 3.64 and 3.27 eV, respectively. Consequently, PVA/TiO₂ films are treated with ions to change their optical and structural properties, which are then used in a variety of optoelectronic applications.

中文翻译：

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离子束对PVA/TiO2薄膜表面特性和结构性能的影响

这项工作采用溶液浇铸制备方法制备了包括二氧化钛（TiO ₂）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）在内的柔性聚合物复合材料。然后，使用宽束自制冷阴极离子发生器，用4×10 ¹⁶、8×10 ¹⁶和12×10 ¹⁶  ions/cm ²的氧注量照射样品。利用能量色散X射线光谱、接触角和X射线衍射技术，对PVA/二氧化钛复合薄膜的成功制备进行了评价。使用紫外-可见光谱技术确定离子暴露对光学行为的影响。 PVA/二氧化钛分散能为1.75eV。当照射4×10 ¹⁶、8×10 ¹⁶和12×10 ¹⁶ 离子/cm ²时，其分别增加至2.21、2.66和3.12eV。此外，PVA/二氧化钛的折射率( n ₀ )为1.18，分别增加至1.25、1.32和1.40。此外，振荡能量E ₀从PVA/二氧化钛复合材料的4.24 eV分别降低至3.84、3.64和3.27 eV。因此，PVA/TiO ₂薄膜经过离子处理以改变其光学和结构特性，然后用于各种光电应用。