Electrochromic materials that integrate structural colors and dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) can simultaneously change colors and shapes upon voltages. Typically, operation voltages for these materials are high, reaching several kilovolts. To achieve color changes at lower voltages, we reduce the modulus by lowering silica nanoparticle volume fraction and adding a secondary acrylate monomer, while also ensuring that photonic elastomers maintain recognizable colors. We utilize binary silica nanoparticles to make photonic glass elastomers that show angle-independent structural colors. The photonic glass DEA shows color changes of 85 nm at 800 V with color change sensitivity of 0.11 nm/V, surpassing previous reports. By making a double-layered DEA, we can not only control the shape changes, but also increase the color contrast. This solid-state elastic electrochromic material, offering programmable color change and shape morphing, holds broad applications in wearable devices, camouflage, and flexible displays.

中文翻译：

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降低电压的光子玻璃弹性体中的电可编程颜色和形状变形

集成结构颜色和介电弹性体致动器（DEA）的电致变色材料可以根据电压同时改变颜色和形状。通常，这些材料的工作电压很高，达到几千伏。为了在较低电压下实现颜色变化，我们通过降低二氧化硅纳米颗粒体积分数并添加辅助丙烯酸酯单体来降低模量，同时确保光子弹性体保持可识别的颜色。我们利用二元二氧化硅纳米粒子来制造显示出与角度无关的结构颜色的光子玻璃弹性体。光子玻璃 DEA 在 800 V 下显示出 85 nm 的颜色变化，颜色变化灵敏度为 0.11 nm/V，超过了之前的报道。通过制作双层DEA，我们不仅可以控制形状变化，还可以增加颜色对比度。这种固态弹性电致变色材料具有可编程的颜色变化和形状变形功能，在可穿戴设备、伪装和柔性显示器中具有广泛的应用。