Abstract

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent human neoplasm, with constantly increasing annual incidence. Despite its slow growth, BCC is locally invasive and, if left untreated, can cause severe complications, including metastasis and death. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in electrolyte balance, atrial pressure, tissue development, homeostasis, and inflammation, but also in cancer development. After binding to its type 1 receptor (AT1R), angiotensin II (ANGII), the system's principal hormonal effector, regulates cancer pathways spanning from the formation of the initial cancer cell to the construction and nutrition of the tumor microenvironment, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Although the role of RAS in the development of skin pathologies has not been widely researched, RAS-targeting antihypertensive medications have been shown to have a chemoprotective effect against BCC. Based on those findings, our group conducted a series of genetic association studies to investigate the association between common functional variations in key genes related to ANGII production (AGT, ACE, ACE2, AT1R, AT2R, and CMA1) and the risk of BCC occurrence. This review provides a summary of the current understanding of the ANGII involvement in BCC development. The reliable and easily assessed pool of genetic biomarkers may be used for predictive testing and prevention purposes in high-risk individuals.

中文翻译：

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与血管紧张素 II 产生和基底细胞癌风险相关的遗传变异

摘要

基底细胞癌（BCC）是最常见的人类肿瘤，每年发病率不断增加。尽管基底细胞癌生长缓慢，但它具有局部侵袭性，如果不及时治疗，可能会导致严重的并发症，包括转移和死亡。肾素-血管紧张素系统 (RAS) 在电解质平衡、心房压力、组织发育、体内平衡和炎症以及癌症发展中发挥着关键作用。在与其 1 型受体 (AT1R) 结合后，血管紧张素 II (ANGII)（该系统的主要激素效应器）调节癌症途径，从最初癌细胞的形成到肿瘤微环境的构建和营养、血管生成、增殖和生长。转移。尽管 RAS 在皮肤病理发展中的作用尚未得到广泛研究，但针对 RAS 的抗高血压药物已被证明对 BCC 具有化学保护作用。基于这些发现，我们小组进行了一系列遗传关联研究，以探讨与 ANGII 产生相关的关键基因（AGT、ACE、ACE2、AT1R、AT2R和CMA1）的常见功能变异与 BCC 发生风险之间的关联。本综述总结了目前对 ANGII 参与 BCC 开发的理解。可靠且易于评估的遗传生物标记库可用于高风险个体的预测测试和预防目的。