Background

Elymus atratus (Nevski) Hand.-Mazz. is perennial hexaploid wheatgrass. It was assigned to the genus Elymus L. sensu stricto based on morphological characters. Its genome constitution has not been disentangled yet.

Objective

To identify the genome constitution and origin of E. atratus.

Methods

In this study, genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization, and phylogenetic analysis based on the Acc1, DMC1 and matK sequences were performed.

Results

Genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization results reveal that E. atratus 2n = 6x = 42 is composed of 14 St genome chromosomes, 14 H genome chromosomes, and 14 Y genome chromosomes including two H-Y type translocation chromosomes, suggesting that the genome formula of E. atratus is StStYYHH. The phylogenetic analysis based on Acc1 and DMC1 sequences not only shows that the Y genome originated in a separate diploid, but also suggests that Pseudoroegneria (St), Hordeum (H), and a diploid species with Y genome were the potential donors of E. atratus. Data from chloroplast DNA showed that the maternal donor of E. atratus contains the St genome.

Conclusion

Elymus atratus is an allohexaploid species with StYH genome, which may have originated through the hybridization between an allotetraploid Roegneria (StY) species as the maternal donor and a diploid Hordeum (H) species as the paternal donor.

中文翻译：

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从细胞遗传学和系统发育分析推断黑披碱草（禾本科：小麦科）的基因组构成和进化

背景

披碱草(Nevski) Hand.-Mazz。是多年生六倍体小麦草。根据形态特征将其归属于Elymus L. sensu stricto属。它的基因组构成尚未解开。

客观的

鉴定黑斑桉的基因组构成和起源。

方法

本研究基于Acc1、DMC1和matK序列进行了基因组原位杂交和荧光原位杂交以及系统发育分析。

结果

基因组原位杂交和荧光原位杂交结果表明，E. atratus 2n = 6x = 42由14条St基因组染色体、14条H基因组染色体和14条Y基因组染色体组成，其中包括两条H - Y型易位染色体。E. atratus的基因组公式为StStYYHH。基于Acc1和DMC1序列的系统发育分析不仅表明Y基因组起源于单独的二倍体，而且还表明Pseudoroegneria ( St )、Hordeum ( H ) 和具有Y基因组的二倍体物种是E的潜在供体。黑云母。叶绿体 DNA 数据表明，黑斑鳅的母体供体含有St基因组。

结论

黑麦草(Elymus atratus)是一个具有StYH基因组的异源六倍体物种，其可能起源于作为母本的异源四倍体鹅观草( StY )物种和作为父本供体的二倍体大麦( H )物种之间的杂交。