Abstract

Vibrio alginolyticus is an opportunistic Gram-negative marine bacterium that infects animals and humans. Its virulence is associated with numerous factors such as cytotoxicity, adhesion and biofilm formation. This review aimed to quantitatively assess the V. alginolyticus’s virulence factors to identify the main mechanisms of infection. A systematic literature search was conducted using SCOPUS databases up to 31 December 2022. The bibliometric analysis was performed using VOSviewer software. The results showed that toxins are the most common virulence factor making up more than 50% of virulence-related keywords. This was followed by adhesion/biofilm (12%), antibiotic resistance (9%) and quorum sensing (9%). In terms of cytotoxicity, hemolysins were the most common toxins, while in terms of secretion system, type III secretion system (T3SS) was the most common. Extracellular polysaccharide production was the main parameter related to adhesion and biofilm. In terms of antibiotic resistance, extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) genes were the most common, and for quorum sensing, N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) was the most common. Vibrio pathogenicity island was also identified as a mechanism for accumulating virulence factors. Toxin-coregulated pilus (Tcp) was identified as the main motility-related virulence factor. This review reports that quorum sensing and kinase inhibitors are promising drug targets. Identifying these mechanisms can help in establishing ideal drug targets and management approaches for V. alginolyticus-related infections.

中文翻译：

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人畜共患病病原体溶藻弧菌的毒力因子：综述和文献计量分析

摘要

溶藻弧菌是一种感染动物和人类的机会性革兰氏阴性海洋细菌。其毒力与许多因素有关，例如细胞毒性、粘附和生物膜形成。本综述旨在定量评估溶藻弧菌的毒力因子，以确定主要感染机制。使用 SCOPUS 数据库进行了截至 2022 年 12 月 31 日的系统文献检索。文献计量分析是使用 VOSviewer 软件进行的。结果显示，毒素是最常见的毒力因子，占毒力相关关键词的 50% 以上。其次是粘附/生物膜（12%）、抗生素耐药性（9%）和群体感应（9%）。就细胞毒性而言，溶血素是最常见的毒素，而就分泌系统而言，最常见的是III型分泌系统（T3SS）。细胞外多糖产量是与粘附和生物膜相关的主要参数。在抗生素耐药性方面，超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）基因是最常见的，而在群体感应方面，N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯（AHL）是最常见的。弧菌致病岛也被确定为积累毒力因子的机制。毒素共调节菌毛（Tcp）被确定为主要的运动相关毒力因子。该综述报告称群体感应和激酶抑制剂是有前途的药物靶标。识别这些机制有助于为溶藻弧菌相关感染建立理想的药物靶点和管理方法。