Bimetallic Pt–M (M = transition metals) nanoparticles are promising for the development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), but their applications are limited by inevitable nanoparticle aggregation due to the Ostwald ripening process during the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we report a novel strategy involving the incorporation of P–O functional groups into the pore channels of Ketjen carbon black (KB), which serves as a linkage to anchor PtCo alloy nanoparticles on the carbon support surface (denoted as PtCo/P_2.73O_x–KB). We develop a liquid phase in situ XRD cell to investigate the nanoparticle growth and Co dissolution of PtCo nanoparticles during the ORR process. The results indicate that the introduction of P–O functional groups can effectively inhibit the growth of nanoparticles due to the strong interaction between Pt in nanoparticles and O of P–O in carbon support, as supported by DFT calculations. The mass activity of PtCo/P_2.73O_x–KB decreased by 24.3% after 30 000 potential cycles, while that of commercial Pt/C dropped by 37.5%. H₂–air PEMFCs employing PtCo/P_2.73O_x–KB as the cathode delivers a high power density of 1.21 W cm⁻² at 3.1 A cm⁻² (with a cathode loading of 0.1 mg_Pt cm⁻²) and a negligible cell voltage loss at 0.8 A cm⁻² after 30 000 potential cycles between 0.60 and 0.95 V, surpassing the DOE 2025 target. Furthermore, this P–O functional group-anchoring strategy is also valid for other Pt–M (M = Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn) alloy catalysts, further enhancing ORR stability.

中文翻译：

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用于高耐用性 PEMFC 的 AP-O 官能团锚定 Pt-Co 电催化剂

双金属 Pt-M（M = 过渡金属）纳米颗粒有望用于质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的开发，但其应用受到阴极氧还原反应（ORR）过程中奥斯特瓦尔德熟化过程不可避免的纳米颗粒聚集的限制。 。在这里，我们报告了一种新策略，涉及将 P-O 官能团掺入 Ketjen 炭黑 (KB) 的孔道中，作为将 PtCo 合金纳米粒子锚定在碳载体表面上的连接装置（表示为 PtCo/P _2.73 O _x –KB）。我们开发了一种液相原位XRD池来研究 ORR 过程中 PtCo 纳米颗粒的纳米颗粒生长和 Co 溶解。结果表明，DFT 计算结果表明，由于纳米粒子中的 Pt 与碳载体中的 P-O 中的 O 之间存在强相互作用，引入 P-O 官能团可以有效抑制纳米粒子的生长。经过30 000次电位循环后，PtCo/P _2.73 O _x –KB的质量活性下降了24.3%，而商业Pt/C的质量活性下降了37.5%。采用 PtCo/P _2.73 O _x –KB 作为阴极的H ₂ -空气 PEMFC在 3.1 A cm ^{-2下提供 1.21 W cm -2}的高功率密度（阴极负载为 0.1 mg _Pt cm ^-2），并且可忽略不计在 0.60 至 0.95 V 之间进行 30 000 次电位循环后，电池电压损失为 0.8 A cm ^-2，超过了 DOE 2025 年的目标。此外，这种P-O官能团锚定策略也适用于其他Pt-M（M = Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn）合金催化剂，进一步增强了ORR稳定性。