Objective The objective was to assess trends in the burdens of major depressive disorder (MDD) and dysthymia among adolescents and young adults aged 10–24 years from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels. Methods This study was based on average annual percentage changes in the incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for MDD and dysthymia among young people aged 10–24 years. We analyzed global trends by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI). Joinpoint regression was used to analyze global annual change trends. Results Between 1990 and 2019, the incidence of MDD in adolescents and young adults decreased by 0.1% per year, while the incidence of dysthymia increased by 0.2% per year. The greatest increase in the incidence of MDD and dysthymia was observed in the group aged 10–14 years and in the group aged 15–19 years, respectively. The greatest increase in the incidence of and DALYs for MDD was observed in high-SDI countries, while the greatest increase in dysthymia was observed in low-middle-SDI countries. In 2019, the incidence rates of MDD and dysthymia in females were 1.7 times and 1.5 times greater than those in males, respectively. Conclusions Over a 30-year period, the global incidence of MDD in adolescents and young adults did not decrease significantly, and the incidence of dysthymia increased significantly. The results indicate an urgent need for targeted screening for depressive disorders.

目的旨在评估 1990 年至 2019 年全球、区域和国家层面 10-24 岁青少年和年轻人重度抑郁症 (MDD) 和心境恶劣负担的趋势。方法本研究基于 10-24 岁年轻人 MDD 和心境恶劣的发病率和伤残调整生命年 (DALY) 的平均年百分比变化。我们按年龄、性别和社会人口指数 (SDI) 分析了全球趋势。连接点回归用于分析全球年度变化趋势。结果1990年至2019年间，青少年和青壮年MDD的发病率每年下降0.1%，而心境恶劣的发病率每年增加0.2%。 MDD 和心境恶劣的发病率增加最多，分别出现在 10-14 岁组和 15-19 岁组。在高 SDI 国家，MDD 的发病率和 DALY 增幅最大，而心境恶劣的增幅最大，在中低 SDI 国家。 2019年，女性MDD和心境恶劣的发病率分别是男性的1.7倍和1.5倍。结论30年来，全球青少年和年轻人MDD的发病率并未显着下降，心境恶劣的发病率却显着上升。结果表明迫切需要对抑郁症进行有针对性的筛查。