The experiment aimed to investigate the impact of foliar application of spermidine on the physiological and reproductive aspects of chickpea genotypes subjected to salt stress, with a focus on its consequences for seed quality. The study involved treating chickpea genotypes (CSG 8962, HC 3, HC 5, RSG 931) with 4 and 8 dSm⁻¹ Cl⁻ dominate salinity during the seedling stage, and application of 0.5 and 1.0 mM spermidine at the flowering stage. Result revealed that salinity significantly reduced chlorophyll and membrane stability index by approximately 46.97% and 23.19%, respectively. Concurrently, pollen germination and viability decreased about 14.14% and 22.24%, leading to a substantial decline in seed protein content (37.70%) at 8 dSm⁻¹ salinity. While there was an increase in antioxidant activity (45.83%), phenol content decreased in response to salinity stress. Foliar application of spermidine (0.5 and 1.0 mM) proved to be a promising intervention, enhancing chlorophyll stability and phenol content by approximately 24.35% and 36.05%, respectively, at 8 dSm⁻¹ salinity. This improvement is associated with a notable 20.01% increase in pollen viability, resulting in a subsequent rise in protein content by about 20.73% at 1.0 mM spermidine. Additionally, the application of spermidine mitigated Na⁺ ion accumulation in chickpea seeds. The findings underscore the varying performance of chickpea genotypes under salinity stress, with CSG 8962 and RSG 931 exhibiting poorer outcomes compared to other genotypes. Notably, the positive impact of spermidine was more pronounced, especially with the use of 1.0 mM spermidine, which demonstrated a more significant positive effect in salt-sensitive chickpea genotypes. These results emphasize the potential of spermidine as a strategic tool in alleviating the adverse effects of salinity on chickpea crops, offering valuable insights for the development of sustainable practices to enhance chickpea resilience and seed quality under challenging environmental conditions.

中文翻译：

---

亚精胺对盐胁迫下鹰嘴豆（Cicer arietinum L.）基因型繁殖、种子品质及生物生理特性的影响

该实验旨在研究叶面喷施亚精胺对遭受盐胁迫的鹰嘴豆基因型的生理和生殖方面的影响，重点是其对种子质量的影响。该研究涉及在幼苗期用 4 和 8 dSm ^-1 Cl ^-主导盐度处理鹰嘴豆基因型（CSG 8962、HC 3、HC 5、RSG 931） ，并在开花期施用 0.5 和 1.0 mM 亚精胺。结果显示，盐度显着降低了叶绿素和膜稳定性指数，分别约46.97%和23.19%。同时，花粉萌发率和活力下降约14.14%和22.24%，导致8 dSm ^-1盐度下种子蛋白质含量大幅下降（37.70%）。虽然抗氧化活性有所增加（45.83%），但酚含量因盐胁迫而下降。叶面喷施亚精胺（0.5 和 1.0 mM）被证明是一种有前途的干预措施，在 8 dSm ^-1盐度下，叶绿素稳定性和苯酚含量分别提高了约 24.35% 和 36.05%。这一改进与花粉活力显着增加 20.01% 相关，导致 1.0 mM 亚精胺的蛋白质含量随后增加约 20.73%。此外，亚精胺的应用减轻了鹰嘴豆种子中Na ⁺离子的积累。研究结果强调了鹰嘴豆基因型在盐度胁迫下的不同表现，与其他基因型相比，CSG 8962 和 RSG 931 表现出较差的结果。值得注意的是，亚精胺的积极影响更为明显，尤其是使用 1.0 mM 亚精胺时，这对盐敏感鹰嘴豆基因型表现出更显着的积极影响。这些结果强调了亚精胺作为减轻盐度对鹰嘴豆作物不利影响的战略工具的潜力，为开发可持续实践以增强鹰嘴豆在具有挑战性的环境条件下的恢复力和种子质量提供了宝贵的见解。