In the late stage of terrestrial planet formation, planets are predicted to undergo pairwise collisions known as giant impacts. Here, we present a high-resolution database of giant impacts for differentiated colliding bodies of iron–silicate composition, with target masses ranging from 1 × 10⁻⁴ M _⊕ up to super-Earths (5 M _⊕). We vary the impactor-to-target mass ratio, core–mantle (iron–silicate) fraction, impact velocity, and impact angle. Strength in the form of friction is included in all simulations. We find that, due to strength, the collisions with bodies smaller than about 2 ×10⁻³ M _⊕ can result in irregular shapes, compound-core structures, and captured binaries. We observe that the characteristic escaping velocity of smaller remnants (debris) is approximately half of the impact velocity, significantly faster than currently assumed in N-body simulations of planet formation. Incorporating these results in N-body planet formation studies would provide more realistic debris–debris and debris–planet interactions.

中文翻译：

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一个新的数据库，记录了广泛的质量和材料强度的巨大影响：第一次结果分析

在类地行星形成的后期，行星预计将发生成对碰撞，称为巨大撞击。在这里，我们提出了铁硅酸盐成分差异碰撞体巨大撞击的高分辨率数据库，目标质量范围为 1 × 10 ^-4 中号 _⊕直至超级地球（5中号 _⊕）。我们改变撞击器与目标的质量比、核心-地幔（铁-硅酸盐）分数、撞击速度和撞击角度。所有模拟中都包含摩擦形式的强度。我们发现，由于强度的原因，与小于约 2 × 10 ^-3的物体的碰撞 中号 _⊕可以产生不规则形状、复合核心结构和捕获的双星。我们观察到较小残留物（碎片）的特征逃逸速度大约是撞击速度的一半，比目前假设的要快得多氮-行星形成的身体模拟。将这些结果纳入氮-本体行星形成研究将提供更真实的碎片-碎片和碎片-行星相互作用。