Compositionally complex materials have demonstrated extraordinary promise for structural robustness in extreme environments. Of these, the most commonly thought of are high entropy alloys, where chemical complexity grants uncommon combinations of hardness, ductility, and thermal resilience. In contrast to these metal–metal bonded systems, the addition of ionic and covalent bonding has led to the discovery of high entropy ceramics (HECs). These materials also possess outstanding structural, thermal, and chemical robustness but with a far greater variety of functional properties which enable access to continuously controllable magnetic, electronic, and optical phenomena. In this experimentally focused perspective, we outline the potential for HECs in functional applications under extreme environments, where intrinsic stability may provide a new path toward inherently hardened device design. Current works on high entropy carbides, actinide bearing ceramics, and high entropy oxides are reviewed in the areas of radiation, high temperature, and corrosion tolerance where the role of local disorder is shown to create pathways toward self-healing and structural robustness. In this context, new strategies for creating future electronic, magnetic, and optical devices to be operated in harsh environments are outlined.

中文翻译：

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适用于极端环境应用的高熵陶瓷

成分复杂的材料在极端环境下的结构坚固性方面表现出了非凡的前景。其中，最常见的是高熵合金，其化学复杂性赋予了硬度、延展性和热弹性的不常见组合。与这些金属-金属键合系统相比，离子键合和共价键合的添加导致了高熵陶瓷（HEC）的发现。这些材料还具有出色的结构、热和化学鲁棒性，但具有更多种类的功能特性，能够实现连续可控的磁、电子和光学现象。在这个以实验为重点的视角中，我们概述了 HEC 在极端环境下功能应用中的潜力，其中内在稳定性可能为本质上硬化的设备设计提供一条新途径。目前在辐射、高温和耐腐蚀领域对高熵碳化物、锕系陶瓷和高熵氧化物的研究进行了综述，其中局部无序的作用被证明可以为自修复和结构坚固性创造途径。在此背景下，概述了创建未来在恶劣环境下运行的电子、磁性和光学设备的新策略。